广州市生活垃圾典型重金属污染及生态风险评价  

Typical Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment for Guangzhou Municipal Solid Waste

作　　者：唐志华 呼和涛力 熊祖鸿[1] 郭华芳[1] 陈勇[1,2] 房科靖[1] TANG Zhi-hua;HUHE Tao-li;XIONG Zu-hong;GUO Hua-fang;CHEN Yong;FANG Ke-jing(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广州510640 [2]常州大学,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《新能源进展》2018年第2期130-139,共10页Advances in New and Renewable Energy

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A080802009);广东省博士科研启动基金项目

摘　　要：以广州市的生活垃圾为研究对象,分析了22个生活垃圾样品的干基组分及典型重金属Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr的含量,采用污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法进行了污染状况与潜在生态风险评价,并用皮尔森相关分析探讨了生活垃圾中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr的可能来源。结果表明:(1)广州市生活垃圾中Hg、Cd、Pb和Cr浓度的平均值分别为0.435 mg/kg、1.487 mg/kg、71.865 mg/kg和136.088 mg/kg;Cd的污染最严重,Hg次之,Pb和Cr的污染程度较低,点位超标率分别为40.9%、22.7%、4.5%和18.1%;大部分生活垃圾样品出现了多金属复合污染,点位超标率为63.6%。(2)Cd的潜在生态风险最高,Hg次之,Pb和Cr无潜在生态风险;重金属污染物综合潜在生态风险指数的点位超标率为45.5%,部分样品出现高的潜在生态风险;(3)Cd和Pb可能主要来源于生活垃圾中的金属成份;Hg和Cr可能分别主要来源于生活垃圾中的白塑料成分和纸类成分。Typical heavy metal contents(Hg,Cd,Pb and Cr)of 22 dry basis samples were analyzed by taking Guangzhou municipal solid waste(MSW)for research object.Methods of pollution index and potential ecological risk index were employed to evaluate the heavy metal pollution levels and potential ecological risk.The Pearson correlation analysis was used to discuss the possible sources of Hg,Cd,Pb and Cr in the MSW.Research results indicated that:(1)the average concentrations of Hg,Cd,Pb and Cr in Guangzhou MSW were 0.435 mg/kg,1.487 mg/kg,71.865 mg/kg and 136.088 mg/kg,respectively.The pollution level of Cd was highest,and followed by Hg,Pb and Cr pollution were not obvious.Result of single contamination index showed that there were 40.9%,22.7%,4.5%and 18.1%samples exceeded the pollution grade standard of Cd,Hg,Pb and Cr,respectively.Most of samples suffered multi-metals compound contamination,and the over standard rate of comprehensive contamination index was 63.6%.(2)The risk level of Cd was highest,and followed by Hg,while Pb and Cr had no potential ecological risks;the over standard rate of potential ecological risk indices of heavy metal pollutants was 45.5%,and risk indices for some samples have reached the grade of high potential ecological risk.(3)Contents of Cd and Pb in MSW were possibly mainly from metal components.Contents of Hg and Cr in MSW probably mainly derived from white plastic and paper ingredients,respectively.

关 键 词：生活垃圾 重金属 污染评价 生态风险 广州 

分 类 号：TK019[动力工程及工程热物理] X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]