空心莲子草在不同生境中氮素迁移和表型可塑性差异  

Difference in ~15N Migration and Phenotypic Plasticity of Invasive Plant Alternanthera philoxeroides in Different Habitats

作　　者：黄成成[1] 张瑞海[1] 付卫东[1] 宋振[1] 柏超[1] 王然 张国良[1] HUANG Chengcheng;ZHANG Ruihai;FU Weidong;SONG Zhen;BAI Chao;WANG Ran;ZHANG Guoliang(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第4期663-670,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1201203);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103027)

摘　　要：为探究克隆繁殖性入侵植物空心莲子草在不同生境下的生长特性,以更好地了解其整体的生存策略,利用15N同位素标定技术评估空心莲子草在陆生(Ⅰ)、湿生(Ⅱ)、水生(Ⅲ)3种不同生境相互转换中的氮素迁移效率,并对不同生境中的空心莲子草生物量分配和表型可塑性差异进行分析研究。结果表明,在不同生境中,空心莲子草氮素迁移量和各构件的生物量均存在显著差异。氮素迁移量存在显著差异(P<0.05),具体生境体现为Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ;Ⅱ较Ⅲ平均增长23.32%,较Ⅰ平均增长54.49%。空心莲子草植株总生物量Ⅱ最大,Ⅰ最小。地下生物量投资与生境含水量呈显著负相关,体现为Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ,茎生物量投资比叶生物量投资平均高15.57%。在不同生境中,空心莲子草株高和茎节长度均体现为Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ,陆生、湿生、水生3种不同生境的母株处理下,Ⅱ株高分别较Ⅲ和Ⅰ增长39%、189%,52%、116%,56%、127%;茎节长度分别增长36%、150%,63%、117%,57%、94%。空心莲子草在不同生境下的氮素迁移量、各构件的生物量以及分配格局表现出的显著差异显示了其在湿生生境下具备更强的氮素迁移利用、表型可塑性和对异质环境的适应能力,揭示了克隆繁殖植物空心莲子草在湿地生境中具有更强的入侵性。该研究可为空心莲子草防控提供理论指导依据。Alternanthera philoxeroides is an typical alien invasive amphibious perennial herbaceous plant with a wide range of ecological adaptability and strong asexual reproduction ability.In this study,to further reveal the main survival strategies of A.philoxeroides in different habitats,we tried to explore the difference on the phenotypic plasticity and nitrogen migration amount of A.philoxeroides in three different habitats including terrestrial(I),amphibious(II)and aquatic(III)environment.The results showed that there were significant differences in biomass of different organs and nitrogen migration amount of A.philoxeroides in different habitats.Importantly,nitrogen migration amount was significant difference(P<0.05),which were all reflected to II>III>I in three different treatments.The average growth rate of habitat II was 23.32%higher than III and 54.49%higher than I,respectively.The total biomass of A.philoxeroides was highest in habitat II but lowest in habitat I,respectively.The distribution of biomass underground part showed a significant negative correlation with water content of habitat,which wasⅠ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ.The distribution of average biomass in stem was 15.57%higher than that in leaf.In different habitats.The plant height and internodes length of A.philoxeroides both were reflectedⅡ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ.Therefore,it displays stronger phenotypic plasticity and adaptability to heterogeneous environment in amphibious habitat base on the difference of the nitrogen migration quantity and distribution pattern and biomass of different organs of A.philoxeroides under different habitats.This research reveals the clonal plant A.philoxeroides has stronger invasive ability in amphibious habitats than other two habitats.It will give great helpful to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of A.philoxeroides.

关 键 词：空心莲子草 15N同位素 元素迁移 表型可塑性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]