老年胃肠肿瘤患者术前营养状况及营养支持的调查与分析  

Assessment and Analysis of Preoperative Nutritional Status and Support of Elderly Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumor

作　　者：刘跃华[1] 彭云华[1] 周建平[1] 高竹林[1] Liu Yuehua;Peng Yunhua;Zhou Jianping;Gao Zhulin(Department of Geriatric Surgery,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410011,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院老年外科,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2018年第7期29-31,共3页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的调查并分析老年胃肠肿瘤患者的术前营养状况及营养支持情况,为临床营养管理提供科学依据。方法采用定点连续抽样法,选择2014年7月至2015年2月就诊于中南大学湘雅二医院老年外科的146例老年胃肠肿瘤拟手术治疗的患者为研究对象,运用简易营养评价精法(short-form mini nutritional assessment,MNA-SF)评估其术前营养状况,分析MNA-SF评价结果与传统营养指标的关系,同时调查患者接受营养支持的情况。结果146例患者中,营养正常者66例(45.21%),其中17例接受了营养支持。有营养问题者共80例(54.79%),其中:潜在营养不良62例(42.47%),有38例接受了营养支持;营养不良18例(12.33%),有16例接受了营养支持。营养正常、潜在营养不良和营养不良3组患者的年龄、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、前白蛋白(pre-albumin,PA)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、淋巴细胞总数(LC)及身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)经比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论老年胃肠肿瘤患者术前营养问题较为普遍,医护人员应在营养评估的基础上予以合理的营养支持,MNA-SF简便、有效,适用于老年胃肠肿瘤患者术前的营养筛查和评估。Objective To investigate the preoperative nutritional status and nutritional support of elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor,and provide evidence for clinical nutrition management.Methods By spot successive sampling method,146 cases of elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor admitted to the second xiangya hospital of central south university for surgery from July,2014 to Feburary,2015 were selected and assessed with short-form mini nutritional assessment(MNA-SF)to explore their preoperative nutritional status and acceptance of nutritional support,and analyze the relationship between MNA-SF and traditional nutrition indexes..Results There were 66 cases(45.21%)with normal nutritional status,17 of whom received nutritional support.A total of 80 cases(54.79%)with nutritional problems,including 62 cases(42.47%)with potential malnutrition,38 of whom received nutritional support.There were 18 cases(12.33%)with malnutrition,and 16 of whom received nutritional support.There was statistically significant difference of age,albumin(ALB),pre-albumin(PA),hemoglobin Hb),total leukomonocyte cell(LC)and body mass index(BMI)in the three groups of patients with normal nutrtion,potential malnutrition and malnutrition(all P<0.01).Conclusions Preoperative nutritional problems in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor are common.Rational nutrition support should be given on the basis of nutritional evaluation.MNA-SF is simple and effective ford their preoperative nutrition screening and assessment.

关 键 词：简易营养评价精法 胃肠肿瘤 老年人 营养评估 营养支持 

分 类 号：R735[医药卫生—肿瘤] R459.3[医药卫生—临床医学]