利用线粒体DNA控制区鉴别狼与狗可行性分析  

Feasibility Analysis of Species Identification of Dogs and Wolves by Partial Sequence of mt DNA Control Region

作　　者：江泓慧 李波[1,2] 马跃[1,2] 徐艳春[1,2] Jiang Honghui;Li Bo;Ma Yue;Xu Yanchun(College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;State Forestry Administration Detecting Center of Wildlife,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]国家林业局野生动植物检测中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2018年第2期277-285,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：中央高校基本科研专项基金资助(2572015EY05)

摘　　要：狼是狗的近亲,通常可以利用形态学及行为学方法鉴别二者。当遇到缺乏完整形态特征的部分组织时,分子生物学鉴别方法成为重要的技术手段。本研究探讨了利用mtDNA控制区鉴别狼和狗的可行性。通过分析106条狼和狗mtDNA控制区部分序列(676 bp),结果得到47个独立的单倍型。这些单倍型具有62个多态位点,其中包括29个狼特异性位点和11个狗特异性位点。这表明mtDNA控制区序列可以用于鉴别狼和狗。基于单倍型的系统发育分析表明,75%狼单倍型具有独立的世系,另有3个狼单倍型与狗共享同一世系。这说明系统发育树中单倍型的世系分布也具有一定的鉴别力。综合特异性位点和单倍型世系分布分析结果,推测利用mtDNA控制区鉴别狼和狗是可行的。但鉴于mtDNA母系遗传、狼和狗可以杂交等因素,使得本方法的推广应用受到了限制。Dogs and wolves are confirmed close relatives.Morphological and behavioral methods can usually be used to distinguish the two.However,molecular biological methods are also considered necessary for identification when body parts must be identified without the aid of intact morphological features.We investigated the feasibility to discriminate dogs and wolves using a partial sequence of the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)control region.We analyzed 106 partial sequences of mtDNA control region(676 bp)of dogs and wolves.We obtained 47 independent haplotypes.These haplotypes had 62 polymorphic sites,including 29 sites specific to wolves and 11 sites specific to dogs.This indicated that the sequence of mtDNA control region can be used to discriminate between dogs and wolves.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using all haplotypes.Based on the phylogenetic analysis of haplotypes,75%of wolf haplotypes had independent lineages,and 3 haplotypes shared a lineage with dogs.This showed that there was a certain discrimination power in the haplotype lineage distribution in the phylogenetic tree.Based on analysis results of specific sites and lineage distribution of haplotypes,we speculate that the identification of dogs and wolves is feasible by analysis of the mtDNA control region.However,the application of this method should be limited in view of factors such as mitochondrial matrilineal inheritance and the hybridization of dogs and wolves.

关 键 词：狼 狗 MTDNA控制区 物种鉴别 

分 类 号：Q751[生物学—分子生物学]