考古发现的铜质钱范与战国秦汉时期铸币工艺的演变  

The Archaeologically Discovered Bronze Coin Molds and the Evolution of the Coinminting Techniques During the Warring-States Period and the Qin and Han Dynasties

作　　者：黄娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津博物馆

出　　处：《考古》2018年第5期109-120,共12页Archaeology

摘　　要：中国古代范铸钱币技术的发展大致以隋唐为界,隋唐以前主要采用硬型范合范饶雛术,硬型范是指泥(陶)范、石范及金属范等;从隋唐时期开始,使用砂型饶铸钱币的翻砂技术成为主流,砂型浇铸后随即散碎[1]。硬型范合范浇铸和母钱翻砂浇铸都属于范铸技术,两种工艺有所差别,前者的铸钱遗物主要鐵范,后者则为魏钱范是对铸钱时使用的各种模、范的统称[2]。在铸币技术的研究中,对钱范进行功能分类非常必要,并且很早就已经引起学者的讨论[3]。According to the functions,the coin-minting models and molds can be classified into grand master patterns,master patterns and casting molds.The archaeological data available at present show that the bronze coin molds are mainly master patterns and casting molds.This paper makes an as complete as possible collection of archaeologically unearthed bronze molds from the Warring-States Period to the Han Dynasty,and then classifies them based on coin-minting technology and their functions and forms.After that,the ways to make the molds and to use them to mint coins,as well as the development procedure from vertical mold assembling technology to stack-casting technology are observed.Finally,the social background of the evolution of the coin-minting technology in this time period is discussed.

关 键 词：战国秦汉时期 铜质钱范 竖式合范工艺 叠铸工艺 

分 类 号：K875.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]