北京市丰台区512例社区居民对宫颈癌认知度调查研究  

Investigation on the awareness of cervical cancer among 512 community residents in Fengtai District, Beijing

作　　者：王颖 许洪梅[1] WANG Ying;XU Hongmei(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Beijing Fengtai Hospital,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]北京丰台医院妇产科,北京100071

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2018年第12期193-198,共6页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：北京市科技计划课题(Z141100004914007)

摘　　要：目的了解北京社区居民对宫颈病变的认知程度,为宫颈病变健康教育及防护知识的宣传提供科学依据,从而提高宫颈癌前病变普查的效果。方法 2015年6月~2016年5月对丰台区6个社区共600例女性社区居民进行宫颈癌相关知识讲座,并让受访者在讲座前后填写同一调查问卷,通过对比分析讲座前后调查问卷了解其对宫颈癌防治情况认识所发生的变化。调查共获得有效问卷512份。结果 512例被调查者对于宫颈癌高危因素的认知,性生活过早、多产次、多次人流、配偶性行为、吸烟及口服避孕药的危害性明显认识不足,认知率分别为35.9%、30.5%、31.6%、23.6%、37.3%和23.2%。宫颈癌定期筛查率仅为49.4%,且选择正确筛查方法的人群仅占46.9%。接受相关知识讲座后,被调查者对宫颈癌的可防可控性认知率由3.7%上升至96.9%;选择定期筛查宫颈癌和正确筛查方法的人群分别由30.7%、46.9%上升至93.0%、100%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论目前北京市丰台区社区居民对宫颈癌的危险因素、HPV与宫颈癌的关系、宫颈癌的可防控性及其预防方法、途径的选择上明显认知不足,需要进一步加强健康教育。教育途径除了加强电视和网络等媒体宣传外,应多开展专业医生进社区进行面对面的知识讲座,这能更好地提升社区居民对宫颈癌防治知识的知晓率。Objective To understand the cognition degree of Beijing community residents on cervical lesions,to provide scientific basis for the health education of cervical lesions and protection knowledge,so as to improve the effect of the survey of cervical precancerous lesions.Methods From June 2015 to May 2016,a total of 600 female community residents in 6 communities in Fengtai District were given lectures on cervical cancer related knowledge.Respondents were asked to fill in the same questionnaire before and after the lecture.By comparing and analyzing the questionnaires before and after the lecture,we can understand the changes in the awareness of cervical cancer prevention and treatment.A total of 512 valid questionnaires were obtained.Results 512 respondents'awareness of high risk factors for cervical cancer:There was a clear lack of awareness about early sex,multiple birth,multiple abortion,spousal sexual behavior,smoking and the dangers of oral contraceptives.The cognitive rates were 35.9%,30.5%,31.6%,23.6%,37.3%and 23.2%respectively.The rate of regular screening for cervical cancer was only 49.4%,And 46.9%of the population selected the correct screening method.After the lectures of related knowledge,the perceived control rate of controllable cervical cancer increased from 3.7%to 96.9%,and the population selected regularly to screen cervical cancer and correct screening methods increased from 30.7%and 46.9%to 93%and 100%respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion At present,the cognition on risk factors of cervical cancer,the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer,the prevention and control of cervical cancer and the choice of prevention methods and ways of cervical cancer in Fengtai District community in Beijing were obviously insufficient.It is necessary to further strengthen health education.In addition to strengthening the media,such as television and network,the way of education should be carried out by professional doctors in the community to carry out face-to-face kno

关 键 词：宫颈癌 早期筛查 知识 市区人口 知晓率 高危因素 健康教育 调查 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]