儿童青少年个性特征与心理健康状况的相关研究  

Correlation study on personality characteristics and mental health of children and adolescents

作　　者：唐金香 侯枭[2] 彭亚东 刘莹 王雪雯 覃青[3] 贾璐[4] 邓伟[5] 李涛[5] 蒙华庆[1] 傅一笑[1] Tang Jinxiang;Hou Xiao;Peng Yadong;Liu Ying;Wang Xuewen;Qin Qing;Jia Lu;Deng Wei;Li Tao;Meng Huaqing;Fu Yixiao(Mental Health Center,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Department of Clinical Medicine,Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Chongqing 401331,China;The People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550002,China;The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing,Chongqing 400016,China;Mental Health Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心,重庆400016 [2]重庆医药高等专科学校临床医学系,重庆401331 [3]贵州省人民医院,贵州贵阳550002 [4]重庆市第九人民医院,重庆400016 [5]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《四川精神卫生》2018年第3期263-267,共5页Sichuan Mental Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81101025);重庆市科委资助项目(cstc2016shmszx130051);重庆市卫计委资助项目(2016MSXM010);重庆市教委资助项目(17SKG017)

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童青少年个性特征与心理健康状况的相关性,以期从个性完善层面降低心理健康问题的发生率,为儿童青少年的心理干预提供指导。方法于2005年-2013年在重庆市招募748名6~16岁的儿童青少年及其家长,儿童青少年填写儿童版艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)以了解其个性特征,家长填写家长版长处与困难量表(SDQ)以了解孩子的心理健康状况。对EPQ和SDQ评分进行双变量相关分析。结果儿童青少年EPQ的精神质(P)、神经质(N)因子评分与SDQ的情绪问题、行为问题和同伴问题因子评分呈正相关(r=0.087~0.198,P<0.05或0.01),与亲社会因子评分呈负相关(r=-0.178,-0.105,P<0.05或0.01);儿童青少年EPQ的内外向(E)因子评分与SDQ的情绪问题、同伴问题因子评分呈负相关(r=-0.168,-0.164,P均<0.01),与亲社会因子评分呈正相关(r=0.138,P<0.01);EPQ的掩饰性(L)因子评分与SDQ的行为问题因子评分呈负相关(r=-0.089,P<0.05),与亲社会因子评分呈正相关(r=0.194,P<0.01);而总的困难评分与EPQ的P、N因子评分呈正相关(r=0.172,0.169,P均<0.01),与E因子评分呈负相关(r=-0.127,P<0.01)。结论儿童青少年的个性特征与心理健康相关,重视儿童青少年个性形成、矫正不良个性对于心理健康有重要意义。Objective To explore the correlation between personality characteristics and mental health of children and adolescents which aimed to reduce the incidence of mental health problems from the improvement of personality and to provide guidance for psychological intervention.Methods From 2005 to 2013,748 children and adolescents from Chongqing aged 6~16 and their parents were enrolled in this study.Using Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)to evaluate subjects'personality and using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ)filled by parents to evaluate mental health of subjects.Adopting bi-variate analyses to explore the relationship between personality and psychological dimensions of children and adolescents.Results The Psychoticism(P),Neuroticism(N)scores of EPQ were positively correlated with the Emotional problems,Conduct problems,Peer problems scores of SDQ(r=0.087~0.198,P<0.05 or 0.01),negatively related to Prosocial degree score of SDQ(r=-0.178,-0.105;P<0.05 or 0.01).The Extraversion-Introversion(E)score of EPQ was negatively related to scores of Emotional problems and Peer problems(r=-0.168,-0.164;all P<0.01),but positively correlated with the Prosocial degree(r=0.138,P<0.01).The Lie(L)score of EPQ was negatively correlated with the Conduct problems(r=-0.089,P<0.05)while positively correlated with the Prosocial degree(r=0.194,P<0.01).The total difficulties score was positively correlated with the scores of P and N(r=0.172,0.169;all P<0.01),and negatively correlated with the score of E(r=-0.127,P<0.01).Conclusion Personality characteristics of children and adolescents are closely related to mental health,so paying attention to the formation of personality and correcting unhealthy personality for mental health are of great significance.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 个性 心理健康 双变量 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]