对转桨和单桨空泡水筒噪声测量对比试验研究  

Measurement and comparison analysis of the noise for counter-rotation propeller and single propeller tested in cavitation tunnel

作　　者：曾赛[1] 杜选民[1] 范威[1] 刘竹青[2] ZENG Sai;DU Xuan-min;FAN Wei;LIU Zhu-qing(Science and Technology on Underwater Acoustic Antagonizing Laboratory,Shanghai Marine Electronic Equipment Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]上海船舶电子设备研究所水声对抗技术重点实验室,上海201108 [2]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶力学》2018年第7期896-907,共12页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11704345);上海船舶电子设备研究所科技创新基金项目(2013061002)

摘　　要：为了研究对转桨和单桨的目标特性差异,在大型空泡水筒中针对单桨和对转桨的非空泡和空泡工况进行了噪声测量试验,采集了单桨和对转桨在空化条件和非空化条件下的噪声信号。首先针对空泡水筒自身特性进行了分析研究,发现空泡水筒在1.8 kHz和3.8 kHz附近易产生混响干扰。其次,借助数字信号处理技术对测量的声信号进行谱分析,对比研究了单桨和对转桨在空化条件和非空化条件下噪声信号在频域上的差异和规律,并采用频闪仪和高速摄像机对桨叶空泡进行了观察。试验表明,在非空化条件下,相同工况时对转桨噪声级比单桨高6 d B以上,对转桨倍频程衰减值要小于单桨,对转桨和单桨的三分之一倍频程谱在1.8 kHz和3.8 kHz附近会出现峰值,单桨8 kHz附近峰值是由唱音引起;在空化条件下,相同工况时对转桨和单桨三分之一倍频程谱变化趋势基本一致,对转桨噪声级比单桨高3~20 d B。在空化和非空化条件下,对转桨的调制谱特征比单桨复杂,对转桨的调制频段要远大于单桨,对转桨前后桨一阶叶频组合的调制作用最强,而单桨一阶叶频调制作用最强。This paper investigates the cavitation and non-cavitation noises produced by a counter-rotation propeller and single propeller tested in the cavitation tunnel.The noise signal of a counter-rotation propeller and single propeller in cavitation and non-cavitation condition were acquainted.The characteristics of the cavitation tunnel noise were analyzed,and found that this tunnel is easy to produce reverberation in the vicinity frequency of 1.8 kHz and 3.8 kHz.The differences of acoustic characteristic of counter-rotation pro鄄peller and single propeller in frequency domain were compared by using digital signal processing technol鄄ogy.And,the blade cavitation was observed by using stroboscope and high-speed camera.The results show that in non-cavitation condition,the noise level of counter-rotation propeller was higher than single pro鄄peller and the octave attenuation of counter-rotation propeller was smaller than single propeller in same condition.Both 1/3 octave spectrum of counter-rotation propeller and single propeller have peak in the vicinity of 1.8 kHz and 3.8 kHz.The peak spectrum of single propeller was caused by blade singing.In cavitation condition,the 1/3 octave spectrum of counter-rotation propeller and single propeller trends are basically the same and the noise level of counter-rotation propeller was 3~20 dB higher than single propeller.The mod鄄ulation spectrum of counter-rotation propeller was more complex than single propeller.The combination of forward and after blade passing frequency has the strongest modulation in counter-rotation propeller modulation spectrum,and the blade passing frequency has the strongest modulation in single propeller modulation spectrum.

关 键 词：对转桨 空泡水筒 多频段DEMON谱 空泡观察 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]