三级医院手术室专科护士工作压力及其与职业倦怠和组织承诺的相关性  

Relationships among work stress,burnout and organizational commitment in operating room clinical nurse specialists employed in tertiary hospitals

作　　者：李雪静 路潜[1] 王泠[3] Li Xuejing;Lu Qian;Wang Ling(Nursing school of Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学护理学院,北京100191 [2]北京大学人民医院手术麻醉科 [3]北京大学人民医院护理部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2018年第13期1-4,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

摘　　要：目的了解三级医院手术室专科护士工作压力、职业倦怠及组织承诺现状,探讨三者之间的关系。方法抽取北京市30家三级医院243名手术室专科护士,采用付出-回报失衡问卷评估工作压力状况,职业倦怠问卷评估职业倦怠水平,组织承诺问卷评估组织承诺情况。结果手术室专科护士付出均分19.16±3.13,回报均分31.26±5.22,175人(72.0%)付出大于回报;职业倦怠均分3.36±1.26;情感承诺均分3.66±0.91;付出/回报比与情绪衰竭、玩世不恭呈正相关,与组织承诺呈负相关(均P<0.01)。是否愿意承担及是否有时间承担手术配合以外的工作是工作压力的重要影响因素(OR=3.065、4.244)。结论手术室专科护士的工作压力水平较高,付出与回报失衡较为突出,且工作压力越高,职业倦怠水平越重,组织承诺水平越低。管理部门应合理安排任务并给予充足的时间及相应的补偿,以缓解手术室专科护士工作压力。Objective To investigate the levels of work stress,burnout and organizational commitment among operating room clinical nurse specialists(CNS)employed in tertiary hospitals,and to explore the relationships among them.Methods A total of 243 opera-ting room CNS were selected from 30 tertiary hospitals in Beijing and were surveyed using the Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire(ERI),Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS)and Affective Commitment Scale(ACS)of the Three Component Model Employee Commitment Survey to evaluate their work stress,burnout and organizational commitment.Results The scores of effort and reward were 19.16±3.13 and 31.26±5.22 respectively,and effort/reward ratio>1 was observed in 175(72.0%)nurses.The sample scored 3.36±1.26 on job burnout and 3.66±0.91 on affective commitment.The effort/reward ratio was positively correlated to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization,whereas negatively correlated to organizational commitment(P<0.01 for all).Whether willingness to undertake or whether having time to undertake extra work were risk factors of work stress(OR=3.065 and 4.244).Conclusion The operating room CNS experienced high levels of work stress and effort-reward imbalance.Nurses who experienced higher work stress had more severe job burnout and lower organizational commitment.The management department should arrange tasks reasonably,give sufficient time and provide other forms of compensation to relieve work stress of operating room CNS.

关 键 词：手术室 专科护士 工作压力 付出-回报失衡模型 职业倦怠 组织承诺 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R192.6[医药卫生—临床医学]