坛子网方形网目逃逸窗选择性研究  

Study on Selectivity of Square Mesh Escape Window of Tanzi Net

作　　者：黄六一[1] 陈燕 高慧良[1,2] 许庆昌 程晖 刘长东[1] 唐衍力[1] HUANG Liu-Yi;CHEN Yan;GAO Hui-Liang;XU Qing-Chang;CHENG Hui;LIU Chang-Dong;TANG Yan-Li(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Huanghua Municipal People's Congress Standing Committee,Cangzhou 061100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]黄骅市人大常委会,河北沧州061100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第9期15-23,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203018;201303050-2)资助~~

摘　　要：为了评价和改善坛子网的作业性能,本文在网囊前端安装由方形网目网片(网目尺寸分别为35、40、45和50mm)和刚性框架(长80cm,宽60cm)所组成的方形网目逃逸窗装置来释放幼鱼,并利用套网法在海州湾海域开展海上试验。在分析渔获的基础上,运用相对重要性指数、logistic模型等分析方法,获得了坛子网渔获物种类组成、优势种和主要经济渔获物小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)和鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris)的选择性曲线。研究显示,随着逃逸窗网目尺寸增大,小黄鱼、鹰爪虾的50%选择体长(L50)逐渐增大,且L50的值与逃逸窗网目尺寸呈线性关系;逃逸窗网目尺寸为35、40、45和50mm时,小黄鱼的L50分别为9.27、12.54、13.46和15.94cm,鹰爪虾的L50分别为5.31、6.35、7.73和8.66cm。根据试验结果,结合小黄鱼的最小可捕体长及鹰爪虾第一次性成熟体长,推算小黄鱼和鹰爪虾坛子网方形网目逃逸窗网目尺寸分别为47.7和36.3mm。研究结果可为我国海州湾海区渔具管理以及渔业资源的可持续发展与管理提供技术依据。The stow net,one of the widely used fishing gears in China,causes great damage to the offshore fisheries resources due to its poor selectivity.Releasing juvenile fishes through selective devices(e.g.square meshes etc.)is one of the significant measures to improve the selectivity of the stow net.Tanzi net is a kind of double stake stow net and a traditional fishing gear in Haizhou Bay.In order to evaluate and improve the selectivity of Tanzi net,the authors carried out production tests for several fishing voyages about square mesh escape window,of them the mesh size was 35 mm,40 mm,45 mm and 50 mm,respectively,on Taizi net in Haizhou Bay.The methods of index of relative importance(IRI)and the logistic were used to analyze the catches.The specific composition of the catch,the dominant species and the selectivity curves of the main economic species(Larimichthys polyactis and Trachypenaeus curvirostris)were obtained.Results showed that the L 50 of L.polyactis and T.curvirostris increased with the increasing of the square mesh size,and the L 50 was linear to the square mesh size.When the mesh size was 35 mm,40 mm,45 mm and 50 mm,the 50%selection length L 50 of L.polyactis was 9.27 cm,12.54 cm,13.46 cm and 15.94 cm,respectively,while the L 50 of T.curvirostris was 6.01 cm,6.15 cm,7.73 cm and 8.66 cm,respectively.Based on the minimum catch length of L.polyactis,the first mature length and the experiment results,we concluded that the optimum mesh size of the escape window is 47.7 mm and 36.3 mm for L.polyactis and T.curvirostris,respectively.The results provided a scientific basis for the sustainable development of fishery resources and fishery management in Haizou Bay.

关 键 词：坛子网 方形网目 逃逸窗 选择性 

分 类 号：S975[农业科学—捕捞与储运]