拉萨市全民食盐加碘后甲状腺结节及甲状腺肿流行状况的调查  

Investigation of thyroid nodules and goiter in Lhasa after universal salt iodization

作　　者：尼玛玉珍[1] 张一休 杨丽辉[2] 岳珺 史建玲[4] NIMA Yuzhen;ZHANG Yixiu;YANG Lihui;YUE Jun;SHI Jianling(Department of Radiology,Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区人民医院影像科,拉萨市850000 [2]西藏自治区人民医院内分泌代谢科,拉萨市850000 [3]中国医学科学院,北京协和医院超声医学科 [4]西藏大学医学院

出　　处：《临床超声医学杂志》2018年第7期445-448,共4页Journal of Clinical Ultrasound in Medicine

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(201402005);中华医学会临床医学科研专项资金(15010010589)资助项目

摘　　要：目的应用高频超声调查拉萨市常住居民甲状腺结节和甲状腺肿的基本情况,为国家全民食盐加碘法规的制定及实施提供客观、科学的理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样对拉萨市区及农村常住居民进行普查,选取拉萨城市居民样本1835例和农村居民样本383例,比较不同年龄和尿碘情况间甲状腺结节和甲状腺肿的患病率。结果 (1)拉萨市甲状腺结节总患病率32.62%,农村患病率高于城市(38.64%vs.31.35%);甲状腺肿总患病率9.20%,城市患病率高于农村(9.31%vs.8.61%);(2)城市男性甲状腺结节患病率29.76%,女性患病率32.13%;男性甲状腺肿患病率6.15%,女性患病率10.85%(P<0.05);农村男性甲状腺结节患病率27.07%,女性患病率49.00%(P<0.05);男性甲状腺肿患病率4.41%,女性患病率12.37%(P<0.05);(3)城市及农村居民甲状腺结节和甲状腺肿患病率均以≥70岁者最高,甲状腺结节患病率随年龄增长而递增;(4)城市及农村居民甲状腺结节和甲状腺肿患病率随尿碘水平增高呈递减趋势。结论拉萨市位于高原地区,除全民食盐加碘外的碘摄入渠道较少,碘水平较低,甲状腺结节发病率偏高,因此在该地区持续实施全民食盐加碘是切实可行的。Objective To investigate the thyroid nodules and goiter of residents in Lhasa by high frequency ultrasound,and to provide an objective and scientific theoretical basis for the formulation and implementation of the national law of universal salt iodization(USI).Methods Multistage stratified cluster random sampling was used to survey the urban and rural areas in Lhasa.A total of 1835 urban samples and 383 rural samples from Lhasa were selected,and the incidence of thyroid nodules and goiters in each group was compared according to different ages and urine iodine status.Results①The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in Lhasa was 32.62%,which was higher in rural areas than that in urban areas(38.64%vs.31.35%),and the prevalence rate of goiter was 9.20%,which was higher in urban than in that in rural areas(9.31%vs.8.61%).②In urban areas,the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was 29.76%in male and 32.13%in female,the prevalence rate of goiter was 6.15%in males and 10.85%in females(P<0.05).In rural areas,the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was 27.07%in male and 49.00%in female(P<0.05),the prevalence rate of goiter was 4.41%in males and 12.37%in females(P<0.05).③The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule and goiter in residents≥70 years old were the highest.The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule increased with age increased.④The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule and goiter in urban and rural decreased with urinary iodine levels increased.Conclusion Lhasa is located in the plateau area,except USI,the iodine intake channel is less,the iodine nutrition level is low,the incidence of thyroid nodule is high,so it is necessary to implement USI continuously in Lhasa.

关 键 词：超声检查 甲状腺结节 甲状腺肿 尿碘 全民食盐加碘 

分 类 号：R736.1.[医药卫生—肿瘤] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]