美国学位授权审核第三方参与机制:历程、路径与实施  

Third Party Participation Mechanism in Academic Degree Authorization Assessment in the United States:History,Approach,and Implementation

作　　者：何爱芬 赵世奎[2] HE Aifen;ZHAO Shikui(Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871;College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beihang University,Beijing 100191)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [2]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院,北京100191

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2018年第4期77-83,共7页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：北京哲学社会科学研究基地建设项目"北京市研究生教育学位授权体系研究"

摘　　要：独立于政府和高校的第三方机构在美国学位授权审核体系中不仅参与专业认证发挥专业质量"准绳"作用,而且承担学位授权审核考察评审并出具评审结果的职责。从美国学位授权审核体系演变历程来看,成熟的学位授权审核体系离不开州政府、院校、第三方的共同参与,特别是第三方的审核与监督;从第三方参与路径方法来看,第三方已以立法形式确立其审核、认证、监督的权利地位;从第三方参与运行实施来看,实行分类定级审核,审核结果梯度呈现,审核内容突出学生利益。In the academic degree authorization assessment system in the United States,a third party independent of governments and high-learning institutions takes not only the professional assessment in which it plays a professional quality“benchmark”role,but also the duty and responsibility for the academic degree authorization inspection,the assessment,and the assessment result it issues.Judging from the development of the academic degree authorization assessment system in the United States,the authors find that mature academic degree authorization assessment system is inseparable from government,higher-learning institutions and a third party,particularly the assessment and supervision of the third party.Judging from the participating path of the third party,the authors find that the third party’s participation in the assessment has been authorized by law that also establishes the right for it in assessment,authentication and supervision.Judging from the practice and experience of the third party in participation in the assessment,the authors find that it mainly carries out classified grading assessment,the results are presented in a gradient manner and the assessment contents give more concern to the interests of students.

关 键 词：美国 学位 授权审核 质量保障 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]