注意偏向训练对特质焦虑军校大学新生的情绪体验和认知偏向的影响  

Effect of attention bias modification training on emotional experience and cognitive bias of trait anxiety freshmen in military academy

作　　者：张世昌 杨倩 陈瑶 周梓炫 谢钧润 刘波涛 徐媛媛 王彬 李敏 

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学医学心理系军事心理学教研室,重庆400038 [2]陆军军医大学基础医学院,重庆400038 [3]重庆市永川区人民医院,402160

出　　处：《重庆医学》2018年第21期2786-2789,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：重庆市卫生和计划生育委员会医学科研项目(2015ZDXM031);2014年重庆市高教教改课题(143107号);第三军医大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2016690031040)

摘　　要：目的探索注意偏向训练对特质焦虑军校大学新生的情绪体验和认知偏向的影响。方法选取某军校2015级入学新生中有特质焦虑倾向的学员80名,分为趋向正性组、中性对照组、逃离负性组和空白对照组,训练采用情绪词点探测实验范式,其中趋向正性组的情绪词为正性词语和中性词语,探测点始终位于正性词语;中性对照组的情绪词仅有中性词,探测点位置随机出现;逃避负性组的情绪词为负性词语和中性词语,探测点始终位于中性词语;而空白对照组不进行任何训练。训练前后分别采用正/负性认知偏向量表(APNIS)和正负性情绪量表(PANAS)进行调查。结果 (1)空白对照组训练前后的正负性情绪分数和正负性认知偏向分数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)逃离负性组训练后的负性情绪显著减少(P<0.05),正性自己的分数显著增加(P<0.05)。(3)中性对照组训练后负性情绪显著减少(P<0.05)。(4)趋向正性组训练后负性情绪显著减少(P<0.05)。结论注意偏向训练对降低特质焦虑的军校大学新生的负性情绪,提升其正性情绪,增加其正性认知偏向均有一定的效果。Objective To explore the effect of attention bias modification training on the emotional experience and cognitive bias of trait anxiety freshmen in military academy.Methods A total of 80 freshmen students with trait anxiety tendency in the grade 2015 of a military academy were selected and randomly divided into the tendency positive group,neutral control group,escape negative group and blank control group.The training adopted the emotional words dot probe experimental paradigm,in which the emotional words in the tendency positive group were positive words and neutral words,and the probe dot was always located in the positive words;which in the neutral control group had only neutral words,the probe dot position appeared randomly;the emotional words in the escape negative group were negative words and neutral words,the probe dot was located at neutral words;but the blank control group did not conduct any training.The positive and negative information scale(APNIS)and positive and negative affect scale(PANAS)were applied to conduct the investigation before and after training.Results(1)The positive and negative emotion scores and positive and negative cognitive bias scores in the blank control group had no statistical difference between before and after the training(P>0.05).(2)The negative emotion of escape negative group was significantly reduced after training(P<0.05),and positive themselves scores were increased significantly(P<0.05).(3)The negative emotion after training in the neutral control group was significantly reduced(P<0.05).(4)The negative emotion after training in the tendency positive group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion The attention bias modification training has a certain effect for reducing the negative emotions,elevating the positive emotions and increasing the positive cognition bias in military academy freshmen students with trait anxiety.

关 键 词：焦虑症 军校新生 注意偏向训练 情绪体验 认知偏向 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]