卒中后命名性失语症脑损伤定位的研究进展  

Advance in Localization of Brain Injury for Post-stroke Anomic Aphasia(review)

作　　者：叶娜[1,2,3,4] 张玉梅 YE Na;ZHANG Yu-mei(Department of Cerebral Vascular Neurology,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing 100050,China;Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders,Beijing 100050,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经病学中心血管神经病学科,北京市100050 [2]国家神经系统疾病临床医学研究中心,北京市100050 [3]北京脑重大疾病研究院脑卒中研究所,北京市100050 [4]脑血管病转化医学北京市重点实验室,北京市100050

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2018年第8期880-883,共4页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：北京市医院管理局"扬帆计划"重点扶持项目(No.ZYLX201836);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81371201);首都医科大学基础与临床合作重点项目(No.16JL03)~~

摘　　要：卒中后命名性失语症特指以命名不能为主要症状的卒中后失语综合征,其脑损伤部位一直不明确。近年来,基于MRI T_1WI的脑区定位研究发现,卒中后慢性期命名性失语症病变部位不确定,而急性期命名性失语症病变部位多位于优势半球颞叶;基于弥散张量成像的研究提示,皮质下白质,尤其是左侧额下回白质在命名加工中发挥重要作用;基于fMRI的脑网络研究认为,命名性失语症患者语言功能的损伤与一些特定灰质脑区间的连接破坏有关。认知心理学理论认为,语言加工可以划分为不同步骤,每一步又由不同脑区负责,而且对于不同词性,如动词和名词的加工,其过程也有不同。The most important characteristic of post-stroke anomic aphasia is disorder in nomenclature,but the location of brain injury has been unclear.In recent years,it was found that,based on T1WI of MRI,the location is uncertain in chronic anomic aphasia after stroke,but it is mostly in temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere in acute stage.Based on diffusion tensor imaging,the subcortical white matter,especially the left subfrontal white matter plays an important role in the naming process.The fMRI studies found that anomic aphasia is related to the destruction of the connections among some specific gray matter brain regions,named brain network theory.The cognitive psychology theory suggested that language processing can be further divided into different steps,each step is responsible for different brain regions;for different kinds of words,such as verbs and nouns,the processing involves different regions.

关 键 词：命名性失语 卒中后失语 皮质下白质 脑网络 图片命名 综述 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]