北京“老莫餐厅”:公共空间的苏联形象与中苏关系变迁的映像  

Beijing “Lao Mo Restaurant”: The “Soviet Image” of Public Space and the Impression of Sino-Soviet Relations

作　　者：张建华[1] Zhang Jianhua

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2018年第4期80-94,共15页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目《文化冷战视野下苏联知识界与苏联东西方外交战略研究(1946-1991)》(项目批准号:17BSS003)阶段性成果

摘　　要：莫斯科餐厅始建于1954年,是北京历史的重要符号,也是中苏关系的重要象征。开业至今,经历了由"政治符号"向"文化符号"的转变,其牵涉的不仅仅是这一家餐厅的历史,还有中国现代史和北京城市史以及中苏关系史。莫斯科餐厅落成后,得到中苏两国领导人的高度重视,最初其接待对象主要是苏联和东欧社会主义国家官员、国家领导人、苏联专家、中国政治与文化精英等。"文化大革命"后,莫斯科餐厅开始褪下政治外衣,进入普通市民的生活。现在莫斯科餐厅正逐渐淡出人们的视野,但它见证了半个世纪以来中苏关系的变迁,见证了当代中国社会的变化以及北京人私人领域和个人情感的变化,其作为一个常见又特殊的"公共空间",在曾经的中苏交往和政治活动中起了重要作用。Founded in 1954,the Moscow Restaurant(Lao Mo)is an important symbol of Beijing's history and an important symbol of Sino-Soviet relations.Since its opening,it has undergone a transition from“political symbol”to“cultural symbol”.It relates not only to the history of this restaurant,but also to the history of modern Chinese history,the history of Beijing and the history of Sino-Soviet relations.After the completion of the Moscow Restaurant,it was highly valued by the leaders of China and the Soviet Union.The initial reception was mainly officials of the Soviet Union and socialist countries of Eastern Europe,state leaders,Soviet experts,and Chinese political and cultural elites.After the"Cultural Revolution",the Moscow Restaurant began to fade into political cloaks and enter the lives of ordinary citizens.Now Moscow Restaurant is gradually fading out of people's vision,but it has witnessed the changes in Sino-Soviet relations for the past half century,the changes in contemporary Chinese society and the changes in the private sphere and personal feelings of Beijingers.Moscow Restaurant,as a common and special"public space",has played an important role in the Sino-Soviet exchanges and political activities.

关 键 词：莫斯科餐厅 中苏关系 历史记忆 北京社会 

分 类 号：G125[文化科学]