基于ASM2D的广州市城市污水水质特征及碳源构成研究  

Research on the Guangzhou Urban Sewage Quality and the Composition of Carbon Source Based on ASM2D

作　　者：张发根[1,2] 潘三军 李捷 李韵涛 ZHANG Fagen;PAN Sanjun;LI Jie;LI Yuntao(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Linkoing University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510030,China;Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州大学-林雪平大学城市可持续发展研究中心,广东广州510006 [3]广州市环境监测中心站,广东广州510030 [4]广州市市政工程设计研究总院,广东广州510060

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第8期1488-1493,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(201510010284)

摘　　要：城市污水处理厂提标改造的核心是生物高效脱氮除磷,而碳源是关键因素;充分利用碳源,既能提高脱氮除磷效率,又可节省投资。要提升污水处理工艺脱氮除磷效率的潜力,就有必要对城市污水的水质特征,特别是其中的碳源构成进行可靠的检测分析。文章分析了广州市2012—2016年18个季度的水质监测数据,并依据活性污泥数学模型ASM2D,采用膜过滤、曲线分析、差量计算等方法,获得了作为碳源的有机污染物COD的构成比例。结果表明,由于中心城区的功能趋同,广州市城市污水水质亦趋同,COD和BOD5没有显著性差异,进水COD质量浓度约为200 mg?L^(-1)左右,BOD5约为90 mg?L^(-1),可生化性稳定为0.47。在碳源构成中,溶解性COD稳定,均值为48.55 mg?L^(-1),其中可发酵的易生物降解有机物(SF)、发酵产物(SA)和惰性溶解性有机物(SI)分别为23.43、15.62和9.50 mg?L^(-1);颗粒性COD波动大,其中慢速可生物降解有机物(XS)占总COD的43.76%,根据可利用碳源计算的碳氮比和碳磷比分别达到5.57和61.19,相比传统水质指标提高20%以上,具有较大的生物高效脱氮除磷潜力,慢速可生物降解有机物是实现这一潜力的关键。研究结果可为广州市城市污水厂设计、改造、运营提供依据;结合计算机模拟技术,采用多点进水和多种回流,有助于充分利用碳源,提升活性污泥工艺的脱氮除磷效率。High-efficient removal of both nitrogen and phosphorus biologically is core to upgrade and reconstruct urban wastewater treatment plant while carbon source is the key factor.It is a sustainable optimization for wastewater treatment process to make full use of carbon source which could result in both increased removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and investment saving.It is necessary to analyze the characteristics of south urban sewage quality,especially the composition of carbon source.Guangzhou urban sewage water quality monitoring data of 18 quarters during year 2012-2016 are analyzed.Based on ASM2D,methods such as membrane filtration,curve analysis and difference calculation are used to estimate the components of COD usually as carbon source.Results show that the water quality of Guangzhou urban sewage tends to be similar since the functions of center urban areas tend to be similar.Both COD and BOD5 have no significant difference.The COD and BOD5 of influent are respectively around 200 mg·L^-1and 90 mg·L^-1.Biodegradability is stable of 0.47.Among the carbon sources,soluble COD is stable of 48.55 mg·L^-1 of which fermentable,readily biodegradable organic substrates(SF),fermentation products(SA)and inert soluble organic material(SI)are respectively 23.43,15.62 and 9.50 mg·L^-1.The particulate COD is in sharp fluctuation.In the particulate COD,slowly biodegradable substrates(XH)take 43.76%of total COD.Furthermore,both carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and carbon-to-phosphorus ratio,calculated based on available carbon source,increase more than 20%compared with the conventional way,so high-efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus biologically could be achieved while slowly biodegradable substrates play the key role.This research can provide the basis for design,renovation and operation of urban sewage treatment plants in Guangzhou.Combined with computer simulation,multi-site feeding and multiple flow returning can be employed to make the best of carbon source to promote efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal

关 键 词：广州 城市污水 碳源 慢速可生物降解有机物 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]