从“兮”字的脱落看汉晋骚体赋的文体变异  

Changes in the Text of the Sao-style Fu (Rhapsody) in the Han and Jin Dynasties from Loss of the Modal Particle Xi

作　　者：林晓光[1] Lin Xiaoguang

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院,副教授杭州310028

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2018年第8期162-182,208,共22页Social Sciences in China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"易代之际文学思想研究"(14ZDB073);浙江省哲学社会科学规划之江青年课题"六朝文学文献的构造性生成:以类书;总集的存录为中心"(16ZJQN033YB)研究成果

摘　　要：现存两汉魏晋时期的赋作中,以"兮"字句为标志的骚体赋、不含"兮"字的非骚体赋及其中间形态的半骚体赋并存。以往学界对这一现象,倾向于从创作者写作手法的角度,解读为赋体演进的表现。但如果回到文献存录来源进行文本对勘,分析六朝唐宋以下对这些文本的处理方式,便会发现无论是半骚体还是非骚体的六言、四言赋,相当部分是由于文本传抄编录过程中不同程度地脱落"兮"字造成的。这种情形从唐宋类书、汉唐史书及中古总集等主要文献类型中均可获得证实。汉晋赋中的骚体比重应比后人所见要高。因此以往对赋体的类型划分及各种相关观点,也在一定程度上受到现存文本假象的影响,有重新检讨省察的必要。部分变异文本可以获得复原,早期赋史也可能由此呈现出新的文体面貌。In the existing fu poems of the Former and Later Han and the Wei and Jin dynasties,the sao-style fu marked by the modal particle xi(兮),and the non-sao style fu without the modal particle xi existed alongside those in a middle form.Previously,scholars tended to interpret this phenomenon as a creative technique,seeing it as a sign of the evolution of the fu style.However,returning to the source of records of extant literature for a textual comparison of methods of treating these texts since the Six Dynasties and the Tang and Song dynasties,one finds that quite a large proportion of the six-and four-character fu are in the half-sao or non-sao style,because the modal particle xi has been omitted to a greater or lesser degree in the course of copying and cataloging.This can be checked against such major literary classifications as Tang and Song encyclopedic works,Han and Tang histories,and the Mid-Song collections of ancient writings.The proportion of sao-style fu to the the Han and Jin fu should be higher than what is seen by later generations.The misleading appearance of existing texts affected earlier categorizations of fu styles and associated views,necessitating a reexamination and review of the subject.Some of the altered texts can be restored,which may give the early history of the fu genre a new look.

关 键 词：汉晋骚体赋 非骚体 文本变异 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]