“很长时间”与“很多时间”的语义句法差异及认知难点探析  

An exploration and analysis of semantic and syntactic differences and cognitives difficulties between“long time”and“a lot of time”

作　　者：钟笑雨 Zhong Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学国际汉语教育学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《现代语文》2018年第7期183-186,共4页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：文章对"很长时间"与"很多时间"的语义和用法进行了辨析,重点关注了如何立足语境正确选用二者。基于语料分析,文章提出了二者使用条件方面的假设并进行了验证:多数情况下,具有延续性意味的词语构成的语境中不能用"很多时间",只能用"很长时间";二者的使用受套语和具体语境的影响很大,一般而言,时间跨度大时,只能用"很长时间";时间跨度小时,能用"很多时间",也可用"很长时间"。文章就汉语学习者在此问题上的相关偏误进行了分析并给出了对策。此外还涉及了一些关于套语和时间跨度大小问题的语言认知方面的探讨。This article analyzes the meaning and usage of“long time”and“a lot of time”,and focuses on how to use them in the context.Based on data analysis,the article has proposed and verified the hypothesis of the conditions of their usage:in most cases,in a context of no continuity,“a lot of time”can not be used,only“a long time”can be used;their usage is limited by the formula and the specific context.In general,when there is a long time span,only“a long time”can be used,when there is a short time span,both expressions can be used.In this article,analysis and countermeasures are given as to the relevant errors made by Chinese learners on this problem.In addition,there is also an exploration from language cognitive aspects related to issues of the formula and time span.

关 键 词：很长时间 很多时间 语义句法差异 认知难点 语境 套语 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]