石灰土盐基离子迁移对模拟酸雨的响应  

Response of base cations migration of lime soil to simulated acid rain

作　　者：刘炜 周运超[1,2] 张春来 LIU Wei;ZHOU Yunchao;ZHANG Chunlai(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Research Center of Forest Resources and Environment in Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;;Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;;Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;The International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学贵州省森林资源与环境研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [4]自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点室验室,广西桂林541004 [5]联合国科教文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2018年第3期336-342,共7页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所地质调查委托项目(YR-JJHT-2017-206);贵州省一流学科建设项目《编号:GNYL[2017]007》;贵州省“百层次”培养计划(QKHRC-2015-4022)

摘　　要：为揭示酸雨条件下石灰土盐基离子迁移特征及其缓冲性能,对石灰土进行了室内模拟酸雨淋溶试验,探讨酸雨酸度、土层厚度、土表覆被对石灰土酸化/石灰土抗酸性以及盐基离子迁移的影响。结果表明:(1)在p H=3.5、4.5、5.5的酸雨淋溶下,石灰土盐基离子迁移量差异不显著,对酸雨具有极强的缓冲能力。期间,Ca^(2+)与Mg^(2+)释放呈显著线性相关。(2)土壤厚度对石灰土抗酸性有极显著影响,土壤越厚,对酸雨的抗性越大,反之越小。(3)土厚比1∶2.5∶5的石灰土盐基离子淋失状况为K+淋失量1∶1.43∶2.06,Ca^(2+)淋失量为1∶1.63∶3.13,Mg^(2+)淋失量为1∶1.64∶3.15,表明土厚的增加能大大降低酸雨对盐基的淋溶。(4)石灰土土表覆盖不同,其盐基离子迁移淋溶量差异明显,但并不对土壤酸化效应产生显著影响。In order to reveal the characteristics of soil base cations migration and their buffering properties under the influence of simulated acid rain in lime soil,we have made a simulation test of acid rain leaching on lime soil of karst areas.Results show that there is no significant difference in the amount of ionic migration of lime soil under rainfall of pH=3.5,4.5 and 5.5,indicative of a strong buffering capacity to acid rain.During the simulation period,the release of Ca 2+is significantly linearly related to the release of Mg 2+.In addition,soil thickness has a remarkable influence on the acid resistance of lime soil.The thicker the soil,the greater the resistance,and vice versa.Then the leaching rate of soil thickness ratio 1∶2.5∶5 base ion is analyzed.Results show that the leaching losses are 1∶1.43∶2.06 for K+,1∶1.63∶3.13 for Ca 2+,and 1∶1.64∶3.15 for Mg 2+,respectively.The increase of soil thickness can greatly reduce the leaching of acid rain to the baseions.While lime soil surface cover has a different expression,in which base cations are different in migration and leaching,but do not have significant effect on soil acidification.

关 键 词：石灰土 盐基离子 土壤厚度 降水酸度 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]