西南地区基层公务员社会心态形成机理及调适  

The Mechanism of the Formation of the Grass-Roots Civil Servants' Social Mentality and Its Adjustment in Southwest China

作　　者：谢治菊 王曦 XIE Zhi-ju;WANG Xi

机构地区：[1]广州大学公共管理学院,广东广州510006 [2]贵州民族大学民族学与社会学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2018年第5期25-33,共9页Journal of Beijing administration institute

基　　金：2016年贵阳孔子学堂阳明心学与当代社会心态研究院课题(KXTXT201605)

摘　　要：以街头官僚理论为框架,以西南地区大规模的实证调查数据为支撑,通过质性分析和量化演绎,从社会认知、社会情绪、社会价值观和社会行动四个层面,对党的十八大以来西南地区基层公务员社会心态的特征及其形成机理进行建构与诠释。分析发现,受十八大以来风清气正的政治环境影响,西南地区基层公务员的社会心态整体向好,其表现是社会认知理性、社会价值观正确和道德性社会行动积极,但也存在一些负面社会情绪和消极的工具性社会行动。究其原因,"公共人"角色的特性让基层公务员的社会认知和社会价值观得到了有效形塑,但不断增大的工作压力让基层公务员的负面社会情绪逐渐滋长。为缓解负面情绪,在资源有限的情况下,本着理性选择、规则依赖和一线放弃的原则,基层公务员往往在道德性社会行动上选择了积极应对,在工具性社会行动上却消极处之。对此,应从管理上、法律上、政治上、伦理道德上采取多种措施对其消极社会心态进行调适。Taking the theory of street-level bureaucrat as the analytical framework and based on the largescale empirical survey data in southwest China,according to the qualitative analysis and quantitative deduction,this article constructs and interprets the characteristics of the grass-roots civil servants’social mentality and the mechanism of its formation in Southwest China since the 18th National Congress of the CPC from four aspects of social cognition,social emotion,social values,and social action.It is found from this analysis that influenced by the clean and uoright political ecology since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,the grass-roots civil servants’social mentality in southwest China is better on the whole,while manifests in rational social cognition,correct social values,and positive moral social action.But there are also some negative social emotions and passive instrumental social action.The reason is that the characteristics of the role of“public person”makes the grass-roots civil servants’social cognition and social values effectively controlled,but the increasing working pressure makes the grass-roots civil servants’negative social emotions grow gradually.In order to alleviate the negative emotions,in the case of limited resources and in line with the principles of rational choice,rule dependence,and frontline abandonment,the grass-roots civil servants often choose positive response in moral social action,while they are passive in instrumental social action.Correspondingly,various measures should be taken to adjust their negative social mentality from the aspects of management,law,politics,and ethics and morality.

关 键 词：基层公务员 社会心态 自由裁量权 街头官僚理论 

分 类 号：D67[政治法律—政治学]