温度对聚氨酯固化材料力学性能的影响  

Effect of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Solidifying System

作　　者：董全霄 李书明[2] 郑新国[2] 谢永江[2] 楼梁伟[2] 曾志[2] 刘竞[2] DONG Quanxiao;LI Shuming;ZHENG Xinguo;XIE Yongjiang;LOU Liangwei;ZENG Zhi;LIU Jing(Railway Technology Research College,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研修学院,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国塑料》2018年第9期36-41,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院基金项目(2016YJ034;2017YJ042);北京市科委项目(Z161100001016005)

摘　　要：为探究不同温度下聚氨酯固化道床的适应性,研究了温度对聚氨酯固化材料拉伸性能、黏结性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,在-60~70℃内,随着环境温度的降低,聚氨酯固化材料的拉伸模量、拉伸强度和黏结强度均逐渐增加,变形性能先增加后降低,且固化材料的黏结强度破坏均为内聚破坏;在-50℃左右,聚氨酯固化材料发生了玻璃化转变,当温度接近玻璃化转变温度时,固化材料的损耗因子较高,变形性能较好;随着聚醚多元醇相对分子质量的增加,聚氨酯固化材料的玻璃化转变温度降低,低温下聚氨酯固化材料的拉伸性能变化率越小;聚氨酯固化材料的性能能够满足不同温度下的使用需求,当在低温环境下服役的聚氨酯应优先选用相对分子质量较高的聚醚多元醇。To explore the adaptability of polyurethane(PU)solidified ballast bed at different ambient temperatures,the effect of temperature on the tensile,adhesive and mechanical properties of PU solidifying system were investigated.The results indicated that the tensile modulus,tensile strength,and cohesive strength of the PU-solidified material increased gradually with a decrease of ambient temperature from-60℃to 70℃.The breakage occurred in the middle point of tensile bar.The glass transition temperature(T g)was about-50℃.The loss factor of the solidified material at the ambient temperature is close to T g is higher than that at the other ambient temperatures,and the deformation performance is also better around T g.The PU solidifying system presented more excellent performance under a low-temperature environment.The T g of the solidified material decreased with an increase of molecular weight of polyether polyol.This type of PU-solidified material could be used in different temperature environments.On the other hand,the high molecular-weight polyether polyols are more suitable for the use of PU solidified ballast bed under a low-temperature environment.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 固化道床 温度 强度 黏结 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]