“两票制”政策对医药流通企业影响的调查研究  

Investigation and Study on the Effects of “Two-invoice System” Policy on Pharmaceutical Distribution Enterprises

作　　者：郑慧凌 宋宝香 吴晶晶 张娜娜 高山 ZHENG Huiling;SONG Baoxiang;WU Jingjing;ZHANG Nana;GAO Shan(School of Health Economics and Management,Nanjing University of TCM,Nanjing 210046,China;School of Health Economics and Management,Hanlin College,Nanjing University of TCM,Jiangsu Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京210046 [2]南京中医药大学翰林学院卫生经济管理学院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《中国药房》2018年第17期2305-2310,共6页China Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.71702078);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目和重点项目计划(No.2017ZDIXM131);江苏省食品药品监督管理局泰州医药高新技术产业开发区直属分局联合研究项目

摘　　要：目的:了解不同规模医药流通企业(以下简称"企业")对"两票制"政策的看法,为增强其适应能力提供参考。方法:通过委托江苏省15家医药流通企业向其全国范围内的子公司中发放问卷,调查国内大型和中小型企业的管理者关于"两票制"实施对行业的影响,包括对"两票制"政策的看法、"两票制"对不同规模企业的影响(包括财务、营销、运营与其他方面)、对"政策会导致中小流通企业难以生存进而转型"的看法、对"两票制"实施后药价降低的看法等进行分析,并针对不同企业规模提出建议。结果:共发放问卷141份、回收问卷141份,回收率为100%,其中有效问卷124份(来自大型企业83份,中小型企业41份),有效率为87.94%。114人(91.94%)对"两票制"持"支持"和"非常支持"的观点,其中大型企业管理者中"非常支持"的有49人(59.04%)、"支持"的有28人(33.73%)、"一般"的有6人(7.23%),在中小型企业管理者中则依次为12、25、4人(29.27%、60.89%、9.76%)(χ~2=181.036,P=0.007);45位(54.22%)大型企业管理者认为在政策推行后会对"财务方面"产生影响,这一数据在中小型企业中为31位(75.61%)(P<0.05),而该政策对两种规模企业在营销、运营与其他方面的影响差异不大(P>0.05);在对"政策会导致中小流通企业难以生存进而转型"的看法方面,大型企业"完全同意""同意""中立"的依次有11、61、11人(13.25%、73.49%、13.25%),中小型企业"完全同意""同意""不同意"的依次有12、20、9人(29.27%、48.78%、21.95%)(χ~2=101.451,P=0.004);在对"两票制"实施后药价降低看法方面,选择"完全同意""同意""中立""不同意"的大型企业管理者数分别为12、27、30、12人(14.46%、32.53%、36.14%、14.46%)、中小型企业管理者数分别为1、26、10、2人(2.44%、63.41%、24.39%、4.88%)(χ~2=106.352,P=0.008)。结论:企业普遍支持"两票制",且企业规模越大支持程度越高;该政策主要影响企业财务结算,�OBJECTIVE:To find out the view of“Two-invoice System”policy in pharmaceutical distribution enterprises(called“enterprises”for short)and provide reference for strengthening their adaptability.METHODS:Totally 15 pharmaceutical enterprises in Jiangsu province were entrusted to issue questionnaires to their nationwide subsidiaries.The questionnaire survey about the effects of“two-invoice system”on pharmaceutical distribution enterprises was conducted among domestic large-scale enterprises,medium and small-scale enterprises.The questionnaire covered the views on the policy of“two-invoice system”,the effects of“two-invoice system”on different scales of enterprises(including finance,marketing,operation and other aspects),the views on“policy will lead transformation of medium and small-scale distribution enterprises due to difficult survival”,the views on the decrease of drug price after the implementation of“two-invoice system”.The results of surveyed enterprises were analyzed to put forward suggestions for different scales of enterprises.RESULTS:A total of 141 questionnaires were sent out,and 141 questionnaires were collected with recovery rate of 100%.Among them,there were 124 valid questionnaires(83 questionnaires from large-scale enterprises,41 from medium and small-scale enterprises)with effective rate of 87.94%.114 people expressed“support”and“very support”to the“two-invoice system”(91.94%).Among large-scale enterprise managers,49 people expressed“very support”(59.04%);28 expressed“support”(33.73%);6 people expressed“general”(7.23%).Among medium and small-scale enterprise managers,12,25 and 4 people expressed above 3 kinds of attitude respectively(29.27%,60.89%,9.76%,χ2=181.036,P=0.007).45 large-scale enterprise managers believed that the implementation of policy would influence“finance”(54.22%);31 medium and small-scale enterprise managers also hold same opinion(75.61%)(P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in marketing,operation and other aspects b

关 键 词：“两票制”政策 医药供应链 药品流通 医药流通企业 

分 类 号：R-012[医药卫生]