资格审查:古典时期雅典官员任职的法律资格与道德规范  

The Legal Qualifications and Moral Codes:Two Aspects of the Procedure of Athenian Dokimasia

作　　者：李宏伟 Li Hongwei

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期184-192,共9页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：官员任职资格审查是古代雅典一项重要的政治制度与司法程序。在民主政治下,尽管雅典人奉行自由、平等的原则,但是这并不意味着每一位雅典居民都有资格代表其他人的利益执掌权力。古典时期,无论是经抽签还是选举任命的官员,只有在接受任职资格审查后,才有可能正式入职,履行城邦赋予他的职责。从候选人需要回答的程式化的问题与吕西亚斯的四篇任职资格审查演说辞来看,任职资格审查制度不仅在筛选候选人的法律资格上发挥着实际功能,同时在意识形态层面对于雅典人公民身份的建构,以及民主制的维护也有着重要意义。As a legal procedure,dokimasia undergone by all magistrates plays an important role in classical Athenian administration.How to evaluate a candidate,especially how to use the veto,attracts most attention of modern western scholarship on this issue.By analyzing four dokimasia speeches of Lysias,this article argues for the leading role of the Athenians on the election of magistrates as well as the bearing of dokimasia itself on Athenian politics.Referring to the list of the scrutiny questions,this article tends to state that dokimasia not only functions practically in the selection of candidates but also helps the construction of Athenian citizenship.

关 键 词：雅典 任职资格审查 法律资格 道德规范 公民身份 

分 类 号：K545.2[历史地理—历史学]