毒品犯罪死缓的司法偏差与匡正——基于100份死缓判决书的分析  

Judicial Deviation and Correction of Suspended Death Sentence of Drug-related Crimes: Based on an Analysis of 100 Death Sentences

作　　者：魏汉涛 WEI Han-tao(Law School of Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学法学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《现代法学》2018年第5期145-158,共14页Modern Law Science

基　　金：2013年国家社科基金重点项目"现代风险的治理与非传统安全的刑法保障"(13AFX011)

摘　　要：实证调查表明,在毒品犯罪领域存在毒品犯罪死缓适用标准不统一、处于从属地位的犯罪人大量被判处死缓、涉案毒品数量在死缓裁量中扮演的角色过重等问题。之所以毒品犯罪的死缓适用出现这些偏差,直接原因是相关会议纪要为处于从属地位的犯罪人适用死缓开了"绿灯",没有确立三维的死刑适用标准,没有限制可以适用死刑的毒品种类;深层原因是来自毒品犯罪日益泛滥的现实压力、结果本位仍然在无形中发挥作用、不少人对死刑的威慑效应仍然寄予厚望。要使毒品犯罪的死缓适用合理回归,必须明确区分死刑与死缓的适用条件,确立三维的死刑适用标准,总结毒品犯罪中排除适用死缓的规则,重新规制走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪,并在司法中引入三维分步死刑裁量法。The empirical investigation shows that many accessory offenders in the field of drug-related crimes are being applied to suspended death.The amount of drug in drug-related cases plays an excessive role in suspended death discretion,and the standard of application of drug-related death penalty is not consistent.There are both direct reasons and deep reasons why discretion death for drug offenses is biased.The interpretation of the Supreme Judicial Authority opened a“green light”for the accessory criminals in suspended death sentence,the three-dimensional applicable standard of death penalty is not established,and the types of drugs to which suspended death sentence could be applied are not limited.The underlying causes come from the real pressure of the increasing proliferation of drugs.Many people still have high expectations of the deterrent effect of the death penalty.In order to make the application of suspended death sentence for drug-related crimes return to normal,we should make a clear distinction between death penalty and suspended death sentence,establishing the three-dimensional applicable standards of death penalty,and summarizing the rules that apply to death penalty in drug offenses.Furthermore,we should regularize the crime of smuggling,transporting,selling and manufacturing drugs,and introduce a three-dimensional method of death penalty discretion in judiciary.

关 键 词：毒品犯罪 死缓适用 死刑裁量 规范检讨 合理回归 

分 类 号：DF626[政治法律—刑法学]