不同小麦品种叶锈菌的遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Puccinia triticina Isolated from Different Wheat Cultivars

作　　者：张梦雅[1] 孟庆芳[1] 张林[1] 高颖[1] 闫红飞[1] 刘大群[1,2] ZHANG Mengya;MENG Qingfang;ZHANG Lin;GAO Ying;YAN Hongfei;LIU Daqun(College of Plant Protection,Agricultural University of Hebei/National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas/Biological Control Center of Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000,China;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,Chin)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心,河北保定071000 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第9期77-81,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB127700);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(HBCT2018010204);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201707)

摘　　要：为了快速检测小麦叶锈菌遗传多样性与寄主品种的关系,利用叶锈菌17对EST-SSR引物对2015年从河南周口2块小麦苗圃不同品种叶片上直接收集的63份小麦叶锈菌材料(周口南地块27份,周口西地块36份)进行分子多态性及分子小种类型分析。聚类结果显示,63个小麦叶锈菌株间遗传相似系数为0. 70~1. 00。2块苗圃小麦叶锈菌群体间遗传距离为0. 021 5,遗传相似系数为0. 978 7,表明2个地块间小麦叶锈菌群体遗传相似性高。2个地块小麦叶锈菌遗传多样性(Ht)为0. 22,群体内遗传多样性(Hs)为0. 21,群体间遗传多样性(Dst)仅为0. 01,遗传分化系数(Gst)较低,为0. 05,表明2块苗圃间小麦叶锈菌群体遗传多样性较低,群体内多样性较群体间多样性更丰富。群体内遗传变异占总变异的94. 44%,群体间遗传变异占总变异的5. 56%,表明遗传分化在2块苗圃群体间和群体内都存在,但叶锈菌遗传变异主要来源于群体内变异。小麦叶锈菌遗传多样性与寄主品种有一定关系,小麦品种亲本来源相同,其上叶锈菌小种类型较为一致,遗传相似性高,亲缘关系近,遗传多样性低。In order to explore the relationship between the genetic diversity of P.triticina and wheat cultivar,63 isolates of P.triticina were gathered from different wheat cultivars in south(27 isolates)and west(36 isolates)of Zhoukou,Henan province in 2015 and were analyzed for genetic diversity by 17 EST-SSR primers in this research.The results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient of 63 isolates of P.triticina was 0.70-1.00.The genetic distance of P.triticina between the two fields was 0.021 5 and the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.978 7,which indicated that the genetic similarity between the two fields was high.The total genetic diversity(H t)of P.triticina from the two fields was 0.22,the genetic diversities of intra-population(H s)and inter-population(D st)were 0.21 and 0.01,respectively,and the genetic differentiation coefficient(G st)was 0.05,which indicated that the genetic diversity of P.triticina between the two fields was lower,and the genetic diversity of intra-population was more abundant than that of inter-population.The genetic variation of intra-population accounted for 94.44%of the total variation,while the genetic variation of inter-population contributed 5.56%,indicating that genetic variation of P.triticina existed both intra-and inter-population,but mainly originated from intra-population.The results also showed that the genetic diversity of P.triticina had a certain relationship with wheat cultivar.When the origin of wheat cultivars was more similar,the type of P.triticina races from them was more consistent,the genetic similarity was higher,the relationship was closer and the genetic diversity was smaller.

关 键 词：小麦叶锈菌 EST-SSR 遗传多样性 小麦品种 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]