海带渣与养殖固体废弃物混合发酵产沼气试验  

Biogas yield by mixed anaerobic fermentation of kelp residue and aquaculture solid waste

作　　者：李秀辰[1] 李丰[1] 张国琛[1] 张倩[1] 杨福利[1] 母刚[1] Li Xiuchen;Li Feng;Zhang Guochen;Zhang Qian;Yang Fuli;Mu Gang(R&D Center of Fisheries Equipment and Engineering of Liaoning Province,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省渔业装备工程技术研究中心,大连116023

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第18期228-234,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省创新团队项目(LT2016018);辽宁省科技攻关项目(201304)

摘　　要：废弃物的高效和资源化利用是现代渔业发展面临的重要课题。该文以海带渣和养殖固废为原料开展了两相发酵产沼气效果试验研究,探讨了中温条件下(35±1℃)料液TS浓度和接种率对混合水解酸化特性以及厌氧发酵产沼气效果的影响。结果表明,海带渣与养殖固废混合水解酸化过程启动很快,第2天乙酸浓度即达到峰值,5 d后丙酸和丁酸浓度增幅较快,水解酸化过程中甲酸产量相对较低。不同TS浓度(6%、8%和10%)和不同接种率(10%、20%和30%)的料液水解3 d,乙酸的酸化度分别为42.6%、50.0%、49.8%和50.7%、44.3%、40.3%;主要有机酸(乙酸+丁酸+甲酸)的酸化度分别达到61.7%、68.7%、62.2%和69.4%、57.5%、58.0%。料液TS浓度为8%~10%、接种率为10%~20%和p H值为6.0~7.0时,海带渣与养殖固废在中温条件下混合水解2~3 d,即可获得后期发酵产沼气所需的酸化料液。此外,发酵产沼气结果表明,每天按与产沼气接种污泥质量比为1:7~1:9的比例添加酸化料液,在p H值为7.0~8.0和35±1℃的条件下厌氧发酵产沼气,产气系统启动很快,而且8~13 d即进入稳定产气阶段,产气率保持在489.4~581.5 m L/g VS,所产沼气中的甲烷体积分数达到82.7%~84.9%,而且料液不会出现酸化现象。海带渣与养殖固废混合水解酸化、批量填料发酵产沼气工艺明显提高了产气效率和系统稳定性。Above 50%of kelp in weight is left as residue during kelp processing,and 25%-40%of the feed in aquaculture is converted to solid waste.Efficient and cost-effective utilization of kelp residue and aquaculture solid waste is vital for sustainable development of modern fisheries.Experimental studies on biogas yield from two-phase fermentation of kelp residue and aquaculture solid waste were carried out in the condition of(35±1)℃medium temperature.The effects of TS concentration and inoculation rate on mixing hydrolytic acidification characteristics of kelp residue and aquaculture solid waste were studied,and sequentially the biogas yield property from acidified liquor in a batch-adding manner was studied as well.Concentrations of VFA(volatile fatty acids)and their main components,COD(chemical oxygen demand),pH value,and so on were measured during mixing hydrolytic acidification process.Accordingly,the items including daily biogas yield,methane content in the biogas,and pH value were recorded during the fermentation process.Results showed that the mixing hydrolytic acidification process of kelp residue and aquaculture solid waste was fast.The highest concentration of acetic acid was measured on the 2nd day of hydrolyzing,while the concentration of propionate acid and butyric acid increased relatively quickly after 5 days’hydrolyzing.Formic acid production during the mixing hydrolytic acidification process was relatively lower.With TS concentration of 6%,8%and 10%,the acidifying degree of acetic acid and main organic acids(acetic acid+butyric acid+formic acid)reached 42.6%,50.0%,49.8%and 61.7%,68.7%,62.2%,respectively.Additionally,with inoculation rate of 10%,20%and 30%for mixing hydrolytic acidification,the acidifying degree of the acetic acid and main organic acids were 50.7%,44.3%,40.3%and 69.4%,57.5%,58.0%,respectively,after 3 days’hydrolyzing.It was accordingly known that desired acidified liquor could be obtained for further fermentation and biogas production by mixing hydrolytic acidification of kelp res

关 键 词：沼气 甲烷 发酵 混合水解酸化 批量填料发酵 海带渣 养殖固废 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]