基于结构与材料参数的S形薄壁梁抗撞性与轻量化研究  

Crashworthiness and lightweight design of a S-shaped thin-walled beam based on the modification of structure and material parameters

作　　者：樊璐璐 吉野辰萌[1] 林烨 刘欢[1] 于征磊[1] FAN Lulu;YOSHINO Tatsuo;LIN Ye;LIU Huan;YU Zhenglei(College of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学机械科学与工程学院,长春130022

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第18期115-120,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51505181)

摘　　要：以车身前部吸能部件前纵梁结构中常见方形截面S形薄壁梁为研究对象,探讨了如何通过合理引入诱导槽和加强筋设计提高其抗撞性,及基于材料属性实现轻量化设计。根据诱导槽位置分布、个数和加强筋分布的不同建立8种有限元模型,通过仿真优选了两种吸能特性较好的结构模型;在此基础上,以质量为约束,结构几何尺寸为设计变量,提高抗撞性为目标,对其中带有加强筋的S形薄壁梁进行多目标优化,并基于高精度代理模型快速获得了最优设计参数;对比碰撞力-位移仿真曲线与理论曲线,验证了优化模型的有效性;通过将加强筋板的材料改为镁铝合金,进一步实现了轻量化设计。研究成果为实现薄壁梁结构的抗撞性优化与轻量化提供新的解决方案。A systemic investigation was done for the improvement of the crashworthiness of an automobile front rail structure,that was a S-shaped thin-walled beam with square section,by introducing inducting grooves and stiffeners,as well as by realizing lightweight design based on material properties.Eight finite element models were established according to the position distribution,number of inducting grooves and the position distribution of stiffeners.Considering the total mass as a constraint condition and geometrical parameters as design variables,the crashworthiness optimization design of the S-shaped thin-walled beam with stiffeners was carried out based on high precision surrogate models.The validity of the optimization model was verified by the comparison between simulated and theoretical force-displacement curves.The material of the stiffeners was changed to magnesium-aluminum alloy to realize lightweight design.The results provide a novel strategy for crashworthiness optimization and lightweight design of thin-walled beam structures.

关 键 词：抗撞性 轻量化 S形薄壁梁 诱导槽 加强筋 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U463.8[机械工程—车辆工程]