考虑充气压力效应的重载轮胎面内振动模态建模及参数辨识  

Analytical modelling of in-plane vibration modes and structural parameters identification of heavy-loaded radial tires with different inflation pressure

作　　者：刘志浩 高钦和 LIU Zhihao;GAO Qinhe(Laboratory of Armament Launch Theory&Technology,National Key Discipline,The Rocket Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]火箭军工程大学兵器科学与技术国家重点学科实验室,西安710025

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第18期184-192,235,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475462)

摘　　要：针对重载轮胎胎侧径向长度和胎体宽度比值(扁平比)接近1的结构特点,提出考虑不同充气压力的轮胎面内中低频试验模态分析、动力学建模和参数辨识方法。基于欧拉梁理论,考虑胎体面内弯曲、充气压力引起的胎体梁轴向力和充气压力敏感的胎侧径向刚度,建立轮胎柔性胎体-周向分布胎侧单元-轮毂质量块耦合动力学方程;考虑柔性胎体与周向分布胎侧单元的耦合效应,开展重载轮胎不同充气压力的面内振动模态试验,获取轮胎不同充气压力的共振频率试验值;以重载轮胎不同充气压力的面内共振频率试验值和解析解的误差作为目标函数,利用遗传算法对轮胎的未知结构参数进行辨识,并对高阶模态的固有频率进行预测。结果表明:(1)重载轮胎的面内振动体现为柔性胎体与周向分布胎侧单元的耦合振动,其中在0～180 Hz内为同向振动,在180～300 Hz内为反向振动;(2)随着充气压力的增加,重载轮胎各阶共振固有频率增大;(3)充气压力引起的胎体轴向力的变化和充气压力敏感的胎侧径向刚度效应可表征不同充气压力的轮胎面内振动特性。The experimental modal analysis,dynamic modeling and structural parameter identification on the in-plane vibration modals of heavy loaded radial tires with different inflation pressure were put forward.The in-plane bending characteristic,axle pre-tension caused by the inflating pressure and sidewall radial stiffness sensitive to the inflation pressure were taken into consideration and the coupled kinematic equation for the flexible tread,distributed sidewall elements and rim was modeled based on Euler beam theory.In-plane experimental modal tests and analysis under different inflation pressure were presented and experimental modal parameters under different inflation pressure were obtained.Taking the error between the experimental modal resonant frequency and analytical modal resonant frequency as the object,structural parameters of the tire were identified by the genetic algorithm based on the experimental and analytical modal parameters obtained and the higher order modal frequencies were predicted with the analytic model.The experimental and theoretical results show that:the in-plane vibration of heavy loaded radial tires can be charactered as the coupled vibration of flexible tread and distributed sidewall elements,and the vibration within 0-180 Hz appears in the same-direction modes,while the vibration within 180-300 Hz is shown in the opposite-direction modes;the modal resonant frequency increases with the increase of inflation pressure;the in-plane vibration characteristics under different inflation pressure can be featured using the axle pre-tension of flexible tread caused by the inflating pressure and the sidewall radial stiffness sensitive to the inflation pressure.

关 键 词：轮胎动力学 重载子午胎 充气压力效应 充气压力敏感的胎侧径向刚度 试验模态分析 参数辨识 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]