体育场馆作为救灾的避难场所的功能和作用研究  

Research on the Function and Function of Gymnasium as a Refuge for Disaster relief

作　　者：武陈[1] WU Chen(Xi an Fanyi University,Xi an 710105,China)

机构地区：[1]西安翻译学院,陕西西安710105

出　　处：《灾害学》2018年第4期175-179,共5页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：西安高校体育场馆态势分析与对策研究(16093)

摘　　要：为了最大程度上保障人民的生命和财产安全,讨论了体育场馆作为救灾避难场所的功能和作用,分析了体育场馆应急避难场所的功能体系,其通过六大功能实现避难人员以及物资的安置和管理。分析体育场馆作为避难场所的作用时,从体育馆作为救灾避难场所可以提升灾民安全系数以及设备设施性能佳两方面内容进行讨论:体育馆顶盖采用有膜结构、网壳结构和空间网格结构等形式,具有受力相对均匀且结构整体质量较低特点,体育场馆屋盖包括悬挑式和非悬挑式,可对自身重量准确的进行平衡,体育场馆顶盖和屋盖的安全性能较优,抗震效果强,有利于提升安置灾民的安全系数,体育馆建筑作为救灾避难场所具有自身结构较轻、建筑结构性优、受力计算结果精确度高等优势。体育场馆内供电设备、供水设备、声光设备以及供暖设备的性能佳,能够为避难人员提供应急、可靠的服务。实验对四川绵阳九洲体育馆安置汶川地震避难人员情况进行考察,得出震后体育馆安全性能强、可对避难者进行合理安置、避难场地的划分与使用合理、同时得出了九洲体育馆作为避难所的有利条件,说明将体育馆作为救灾避难场是可行的。In order to protect people s lives and property to the greatest extent,we discuss the functions and functions of stadiums as disaster relief shelters,analyze on the functional system of emergency shelters of stadiums and gymnasiums,and realize the placement and management of asylum personnel and materials through six functions.When analyzing the function of gymnasium as a refuge,we discuss that gymnasium as a refuge for disaster relief can improve the safety factor of disaster victims and improve the performance of equipment and facilities.The roof of gymnasium adopts membrane structure,reticulated shell structure and spatial grid structure,which have relatively uniform force and overall structure quality.The roofs of stadiums and gymnasiums include cantilevered and non-cantilevered roofs,which can balance their own weight accurately.The roofs of stadiums and gymnasiums have better safety performance and strong earthquake-resistant effect,which is helpful to enhance the safety factor of resettlement of victims.As a disaster relief shelter,the gymnasiums and gymnasiums have their own lighter structures and buildings.The advantages of structural excellence and force calculation result are high accuracy.The performance of power supply equipment,water supply equipment,acoustooptic equipment and heating equipment in stadiums and gymnasiums is good,which can provide emergency and reliable service for asylum-seekers.This paper investigates the resettlement of asylum workers in Jiuzhou Gymnasium in Mianyang,Sichuan Province after the Wenchuan earthquake.The results show that the gymnasium has strong safety performance,can reasonably resettle the asylum-seekers,the division and use of asylum sites are reasonable,and the favorable conditions for Jiuzhou Gymnasium to be used as a refuge are obtained.

关 键 词：体育场馆 救灾 避难场所 功能作用 钢结构 设施设备 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] TU245[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]