海洋灾害链及应用  

Construction and Application of Marine Disaster Chains

作　　者：王可[1] 钟少波[1] 杨永胜 熊智 黄全义[1] WANG Ke;ZHONG Shaobo;YANG Yongsheng;XIONG Zhi;HUANG Quanyi(Institute of Public Safety Research,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学安全科学与技术研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《灾害学》2018年第4期229-234,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFC1405301)

摘　　要：灾害链因体现了灾害系统各要素之间的相互关系,而得到了广泛关注。针对海洋灾害频发、损失严重的问题,以6种海洋灾害为例,开展海洋灾害链构建及应用研究。通过对6种海洋灾害发生发展规律及危害后果的全面梳理,建立了海洋灾害系统评价指标体系,并对致灾因子和承灾体指标进行定性和定量分类。在此基础上,结合对已有研究的分析,分别构建了6种海洋灾害链,同时归纳得到海洋灾害影响特征,建立了综合海洋灾害链。最后探讨了海洋灾害链在海洋灾害应急管理中的具体应用,为海洋灾害防治提供技术支持。Effects of the disaster chain reflect the interrelationships among the elements of the disaster system,and the disaster chain has attracted wide attention.To resolve the problem that marine disasters occur frequently and cause serious losses,six types of marine disasters are taken as examples to carry out the research on the construction and application of marine disaster chains.The evolution laws and consequences of six marine disasters are combed to construct the index system.Meanwhile,the indexes are classified as qualitative and quantitative indexes.Combined with the analysis of existing researches,six marine disaster chains are constructed respectively,and the characteristics of the impact of marine disasters are summarized to construct a comprehensive marine disaster chain.Finally the applications of disaster chains in marine disaster s emergency management are discussed to provide the technical supports for prevention and control of marine disasters.

关 键 词：海洋灾害 灾害系统 指标体系 海洋灾害链 应急管理 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X45