有质量差异的两车碰撞时车辆前端刚度的相容性匹配  

Compatibility matching of vehicle front-end when crashing between two cars with difference mass

作　　者：张瑞雨 马春生[1] 许述财[1] 李伟 张金换[1] ZHANG Ruiyu;MA Chunsheng;XU Shucai;LI Wei;ZHANG Jinhuan(Automotive Engineering Department,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Guangzhou Automobile Group Co.,Ltd,Automotive Engineering Research Institute,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车工程系,北京100084 [2]广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院,广州545027

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2018年第3期295-302,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：清华大学自主科研计划(20131089338)

摘　　要：为降低在实际道路交通事故中乘员损伤风险,提高两车碰撞的相容性,提出了一种针对两车质量有差异的车辆前端刚度优化匹配方法。统计分析了中国大陆2011-01—2017-07的6.5年间的270种车型的销售数据和车辆整备质量。建立了两车质量分布的概率模型及车辆质量比的构型,提出了单一质量车辆前端刚度优化计算公式。利用Hyperworks和Primer等系列软件,搭建了台车对撞与整车对撞的有限元模型,用LS_DYNA完成了仿真计算。结果表明:两车碰撞过程中,两车质量差异较大时,两车乘员损伤风险也较大;通过刚度优化匹配,能够有效降低车身加速度峰值,降低两车乘员的损伤风险。Presented an optimization matching method for vehicle front-end stiffness that focused on two vehicles with difference mass to improve the collision compatibility of vehicles and reduce the risk of occupant damage in actual traffic accidents.Based on the statistics of domestic sales data of 270 kinds of vehicles for 6.5 years between 2011-01-2017-07 in the mainland of China,established a probabilistic model of vehicle mass distribution and a configuration of vehicle mass ratio.Proposed an optimization formula of front-end stiffness of single mass vehicle based on the statistical analysis for domestic vehicles.Built a finite element models(FEM)for double car collision by sleds and by vehicles by using software Hyperworks and Primer,and calculated to simulate by using software LS_DYNA.The simulation results show that the damage risk of the occupants is greater when the mass difference of two cars is greater.Optimizing the stiffness matching of the two vehicles will effectively reduce the vehicle peak acceleration during double car collision;as a result,reduce the occupant injury risk in both vehicles.

关 键 词：汽车安全 被动安全 两车碰撞 车辆前端刚度 碰撞相容性 仿真计算 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]