土壤矿物对松嫩平原主要土壤类型反射光谱特征的影响机理  

Effect Mechanism of Soil Minerlas on Spectral Characterisitics of Main Soil Classes in Songnen Plain

作　　者：刘焕军[1,2] 王翔[1] 李厚萱 孟祥添 姜佰文[1] 张新乐[1] 于滋洋 LIU Huan-jun;WANG Xiang;LI Hou-xuan;MENG Xiang-tian;JIANG Bai-wen;ZHANG Xin-le;YU Zi-yang(College of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2018年第10期3238-3244,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501357);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0201803)资助

摘　　要：尽管纯矿物的反射光谱特征分析与数据库建设工作已经开展,但土壤中各原生矿物、粘土矿物的测试主要是定性的,即能测定土壤中含有何种矿物,但难以测定准确的矿物组分含量。土壤矿物是土壤学与地质学的交叉点,易被忽视,特别是已有研究忽略了土壤矿物对土壤反射光谱曲线的影响。探讨了土壤矿物在可见光-近红外光谱部分(400~2 500nm)对土壤反射光谱特征的影响,明确影响土壤反射光谱特征的主要机理。土壤样本于2014年采集于松嫩平原黑龙江部分,包括4个土类和7个土属,共54个土壤样本。土壤样本通过研磨、过筛后,在室内暗室中测得反射光谱数据,土壤矿物的反射光谱数据在2017美国地质调查局(USGS)最新矿物光谱库Spectral Library Version 7中获得,对反射光谱数据进行九点平滑、10nm重采样和去包络线处理。土壤矿物含量测试采用荷兰Philip X’Pert Pro型X射线衍射仪分析样品的矿物组成,测试了土壤中石英、长石、方解石和闪石等原生矿物和蒙脱石、伊利石和高岭石等粘土矿物的含量。首先分析7个土属的反射光谱特征,明确每个土属反射光谱曲线的形状特征和吸收位置,其次分析土属的矿物含量情况,找出不同土属各矿物含量的共性和差异;再次分析不同粘土矿物和原生矿物的反射光谱特征,确定不同土壤矿物反射光谱曲线的形状特征和特征吸收的位置;最后将不同土属的反射光谱特征、不同土属的矿物含量情况和土壤矿物的反射光谱特征结合,得到如下结论:(1)土壤矿物决定了土壤反射光谱的骨架特征,土壤矿物对土属的反射光谱影响最明显,由于土类存在多种反射光谱特征,土壤矿物对土类的影响不明显。(2)粘土矿物对土壤反射光谱特征的影响大于原生矿物,主要受蒙脱石和伊利石等粘土矿物的影响,但砂性土受部分原生矿物的影响,主要是长石类矿物和�Although the analysis of the reflectance spectral characteristics of pure minerals and the establishment of a database have been carried out,the test of primary minerals and clay minerals in soils is mainly qualitative,which means thatit is possible to determine what minerals are contained in soils.However,itis difficult to accurately determine the contents of minerals.Soil minerals are the intersection of pedology and geology,which is easy to be ignored,especially the effects of soil minerals on soil reflectance spectral curves has beenneglected in other researches.In this paper,we discussed the effects of soilminerals on the characteristics of soil reflectance spectra in the visible andnear infrared region(400~2 500 nm),and clarified the main mechanism about affecting the characteristics of soil reflectance spectra.Soil samples were collected in the Heilongjiang part of Songnen Plain in 2014,including four great groups and seven genera,a total of 54 soil samples.After grinding and sifting,the soil samples were measured in the darkroom to obtain reflectance spectrumdata.The reflectance spectrum data of soil minerals were obtained from the 2017 USGS mineral spectral library.We smoothed spectral reflectance data with nine points,resampled at 10-nm intervals and continuum removal.The mineralogical phases of the samples were detected by an X’Pert-Pro XRD(Philip,Holland).The contents of primary minerals,such as quartz,feldspar,calcite and amphibole,and clay minerals such as montmorillonite,illite and kaolinite weremeasured.First of all,we analyze the reflectance spectral characteristics of seven genera,and determine the shape characteristics and absorption positionof spectral curves of each genus.Secondly,we analyze the mineral content ofgenera,and find out the commonness and difference of each mineral content ofdifferent genera.Thirdly,we analyze reflectance spectral characteristics ofdifferent primary minerals and clay minerals,and determine the shape characteristics and absorption position of different soil mine

关 键 词：高光谱 粘土矿物 土属 去包络线 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]