中压补气技术对电动客车用热泵空调器性能的影响  

Influence of Intermediate Pressure Vapor Injection Technology on Performance of Heat Pump Air Conditioner for Electric Bus

作　　者：崔四齐[1] 周光辉[1] 刘寅[1] CUI Si-qi;ZHOU Guang-hui;LIU Yin(Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《流体机械》2018年第8期71-76,共6页Fluid Machinery

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(122102210056);河南省重点科技攻关项目(132102210132)

摘　　要：针对电动客车用热泵空调器在低温工况下压缩比大、排气温度高、容积效率偏低、系统性能降低等突出问题,提出了采用带经济器的中压补气技术,并对系统循环过程进行理论分析,测试了不同车外环境温度下中压补气技术对电动客车用热泵空调器的性能影响。结果表明:与不补气的热泵空调系统相比,采用中压补气技术可显著降低压缩机排气温度,使系统安全可靠运行,特别是在-15℃的超低温车外入口空气温度时,不补气排气温度高达116.7℃,而中压补气排气温度为99.6℃,相比下降了14.7%;采用中压补气技术减少了热泵空调的制热衰减量,提升了制热性能系数COP,且随着车外环境温度的降低,其效果更加显著,当车外入口空气温度由7℃下降到-15℃时,制热量提高了5.2%~21.3%,COP提高了3.2%~14.2%。In view of the prominent problems such as high compression ratio,high exhaust temperature,low volumetric efficiency and low system performance under low temperature operating conditions of heat pump air conditioner for the electric bus,the intermediate pressure vapor injection technology with economizer was proposed,the theoretical analysis was conducted on the system cycle process,and the influence of the intermediate pressure vapor injection technology on the performance of the heat pump air conditioner for electric bus under different ambient temperatures was tested.The results show that:compared with the heat pump air-conditioning system without vapor injection,the adoption of intermediate pressure vapor injection technology can significantly reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor and make the system run safely and reliably.Especially when the inlet air temperature outside the ultra-low temperature vehicle was-15℃,the exhaust temperature without vapor injection was as high as 116.7℃,whereas the exhaust temperature with adoption of intermediate pressure vapor injection was 99.6℃,the latter was reduced by 14.7%against the former.Adoption of the intermediate pressure vapor injection technology reduced the heat attenuation of heat pump air conditioner and the coefficient of performance COP of the heat pump was improved,and its effect was more significant as the ambient temperature outside the vehicle decreased.When the ambient temperature outside the vehicle dropped from 7℃to-15℃,the heating capacity was increased by 5.2%~21.3%,and COP increased by 3.2%~14.2%.

关 键 词：补气技术 热泵 排气温度 制热性能系数 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB65[一般工业技术—制冷工程]