杏鲍菇菌渣袋式栽培基质配方对番茄产量及品质的影响  

Effect of the formula of pleurotus eryngii cultivation residue in growth-bag on the yield and quality of tomato

作　　者：徐阳 张小兰 刘杰 范文丽[1] 马金明 孙周平[1] XU Yang;ZHANG Xiao-lan;LIU Jie;FAN Wen-li;MA Jin-ming;SUN Zhou-ping(Key Lab of Protected Horticulture,Ministry of Education,Key Lab of Protected Horticulture of Liaoning Province,Key Lab of Protected Vegetables Engineering of Liaoning Province,College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang Liaoning 110866;Jiangsu Green Harbor Modern Agriculture Development Co.Ltd.,Jiangsu Province,Suqian Jiangsu 223800)

机构地区：[1]设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,辽宁省设施蔬菜工程实验室,沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]江苏绿港现代农业科技有限公司,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第5期109-114,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201004)。

摘　　要：杏鲍菇是我国工厂化生产的主要食用菌之一,其栽培每年产生的大量菌渣富含丰富的营养成分。为了提高食用菌菌渣的利用效率,以杏鲍菇菌渣为主要原料,配制成4种复合营养基质,分别为:A(全菌渣),为对照(CK);B(菌渣∶草炭=3∶1);C(菌渣∶草炭=1∶1);D(菌渣∶草炭=1∶3)。研究杏鲍菇菌渣与草炭不同配比的袋式栽培营养基质理化性质变化及其对日光温室栽培番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明,随着菌渣比例从25%增加到100%,袋培营养基质的EC逐渐增加,容重逐渐降低,基质速效养分显著增加且对初期植株根系生长产生显著影响。在4个处理中,B、C、D处理小区产量均显著高于A处理,其中C处理(菌渣∶草炭=1∶1)小区产量最高,为46.17 kg,较A处理增产13.8%,可溶性固形物含量最高,为6.1%。综合比较,在本试验条件下,杏鲍菇菌渣与草炭比例为1∶1是适宜日光温室番茄袋式栽培的最佳营养基质配方。Pleurotus eryngii is one of the main edible fungi in our country s factory production.The nutrient content of edible fungus slag is stable,and the yield is high.It is suitable as a raw material for the nutrition cultivation of growth-bag.For this reason,the main raw material of mushroom residue was used to prepare four kinds of compound nutrition matrix,A(mushroom residue∶peat=1∶0);B(mushroom residue∶peat=3∶1);C(mushroom residue∶peat=1∶1);D(mushroom residue∶peat=1∶3),respectively.The effects of the ratio of mushroom residue and peat moss on the physical and chemical properties of the nutrient substrates in growth-bag and the yield and quality of tomato were studied in order to screen out the formula of the mushroom residue with peat suitable for the bag cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouse.The results showed that in the four treatments,with the proportion of mushroom residue increasing from 25%to 100%,the porosity and pH of the nutrient substrate in the growth-bag gradually increased,the bulk density and EC decreased,the available nutrient content in the substrate increased significantly,and the initial root growth was significantly affected.The yield of treatment plots B,C,and D in this experiment was significantly higher than that of treatment A,in which treatment C(mushroom residue∶peat=1∶1)had the highest yield of 46.17 kg,which was 13.8%higher than treatment A,and the highest soluble solids content was 6.1%.Therefore,the ratio of mushroom residue and peat was 1∶1,which was most suitable for growth-bag.

关 键 词：袋培 营养基质 番茄 杏鲍菇 菌渣 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]