辽东山区3种林分土壤理化性质和微生物特性研究  

Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbiological Characteristics of Three Foreststands in Mountainous Areas of Eastern Liaoning Province

作　　者：殷有[1,2] 阎品初 井艳丽 魏亚伟 倪鹏跃[3] 刘源跃 周永斌[1,2] YIN You;AN Pin-chu;JING Yan-li;WEI Ya-wei;NI Peng-yue;LIU Yuan-yue;ZHOU Yong-bin(College of Forestry,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem,Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network,Changtu Liaoning 112518,China;Experimental Forest Farm in Liaoning Province,Fushun Liaoning 113311,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽河平原森林生态站,辽宁昌图112518 [3]辽宁省实验林场,辽宁抚顺113311

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2018年第5期552-558,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题项目(2015BAD07B03-01-03)

摘　　要：以辽东山区长白落叶松人工纯林、长白落叶松-水曲柳人工混交林和次生林3种林分为研究对象,分析表层(0～10cm)、亚表层(10～20cm)、底层(20～30cm)土壤理化性质、微生物含量及其二者相互关系。结果表明:落叶松纯林土壤pH值较次生林和落叶松-水曲柳混交林分别平均降低了5.4%和4.5%,落叶松纯林土壤存在酸化趋势。各林分类型表层土壤总有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳、碳氮比均表现为次生林>落叶松-水曲柳混交林>落叶松纯林,且各指标随土层加深显著降低(p<0.05)。土壤微生物含量受土层的影响显著(p<0.05),其中表层含量最高,表层细菌、真菌和放线菌含量分别为19.09～29.68nmol·g^(-1)、2.47～3.71nmol·g^(-1)和5.59～7.68nmol·g^(-1);次生林表层土壤细菌、放线菌的含量显著高于落叶松纯林(p<0.05)。不同林型之间各土层细菌真菌比(B/F)、革兰氏阳性菌与阴性菌之比(G+/G-)差异显著(p<0.05)。土壤总微生物含量与总有机碳、微生物量碳和全氮含量呈显著正相关。总体上,辽东山区的天然次生林、落叶松-水曲柳混交林与落叶松纯林相比,土壤环境水平改善,为提升辽东山区落叶松人工林纯林质量提供了科学依据。Selecting pure plantation of Larix olgensis(LF),mixed plantation of Larixolgensis and Fraxinus mandschurica(MF)and secondary forest(SF)as the research objects,these selected stands locate in mountainous areas of eastern Liaoning province.The purpose of this study was to analysis the physicochemical properties and microbial contents of soils in the top(0-10 cm),sub-top(10-20 cm)and under layer(20-30 cm)of stands.Results indicated that the soil pH value in LF was lower than those of SF and MF by average of 5.4%and 4.5%.The soil of LF has presented the tendency of acidification phenomenon.In the top soil of all stands,the orders of soil organic C,total N,microbial biomass C contents and the ratio of C to N were SF>MF>LF(p<0.05),meanwhile the significant difference wasdecreased with the increasing of soil layer depth.The soil layer depth affected microbial contents greatly(p<0.05).Soil microbial contents mainly found in top soil,the contents of bacteria ranged from 19.09 nmol·g-1 to 29.68 nmol·g-1,fungi ranged from 2.47 nmol·g-1 to 3.71 nmol·g-1,and actinomycetesranged from 5.59 nmol·g-1 to 7.68 nmol·g-1.In the top layer,the contents of bacteria and actinomycetes inSF were significantly higher than those of LF(p<0.05).In addition,the ratio of bacteria to fungi(B/F)and ratio of gram-positive bacteria to gram-negative bacteria(G+/G-)varied significantly in all stands(p<0.05).There was significant positive relationship between the total microbial contentsand total organic C,microbial C and total N.Above all,the conclusion could be drawn that the soil condition of MF and SF werebetter than that of LF.This result could provide a scientific basis for improvingthe quantity of LF in mountainous areas of Eastern Liaoning Province in the future.

关 键 词：落叶松人工林 混交林 次生林 土壤理化性质 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S714.3