3种人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷的诱集效果研究  

On the attractive effects of three artificial reef models for Sparus macrocephlus

作　　者：李磊[1] 陈栋[2] 彭建新 张建明 王磊[1] 陈帅[1] 全为民[1] 蒋玫[1] 姜亚洲[1] LI Lei;CHEN Dong;PENG Jian-xin;ZHANG Jian-ming;WANG Lei;CHEN Shuai;QUAN Wei-min;JIANG Mei;JIANG Ya-zhou(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Jiangsu Ocean Fisheries Headquarters,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]江苏省海洋渔业指挥部,南京210003

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2018年第5期625-631,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项课题(2016HY-ZD0102)

摘　　要：为研究箱体礁(M1型)、三角形礁(M2型)、框架礁(M3型) 3种不同构造的人工鱼礁对黑棘鲷(Sparus macrocephlus)的诱集效果,通过室内模拟试验观察了不同人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷的活动和分布影响。结果表明:未放置人工鱼礁模型时,黑棘鲷随机分布于各试验区域;放置的3种人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷均具有一定的诱集效果,其中以有效空间最大、遮蔽效果最好的M1型人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷的诱集效果最佳; M2、M3型人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷的诱集效果随着礁体模型有效空间、遮蔽效果的减弱而逐渐降低,但数值分析结果表明,3种人工鱼礁模型对黑棘鲷的诱集效果之间不存在显著性差异(P> 0. 05)。3种鱼礁对黑棘鲷的诱集效果差异可能由礁体模型的构造差异和黑棘鲷的习性共同决定。In order to reduce the fishing pressure and restore the piscatorial resources that have already ebbed,the development of artificial reefs has sprung up vigorously.Artificial reefs can not only provide shelter for fishery resources but also improve aquatic environment,which helps to protect and enhance fishery resource stocks.Considering the above functions of artificial reefs,it is very necessary to study the attractive effects and mechanisms of artificial reefs.However,due to differences in water depth,ocean current,substratum and other sea environment factors,different types of artificial reefs are needed in different regions.It is a major evaluation tool to assess the effects of artificial reefs by simulation experiments in laboratory.To observe the attractive effects of three artificial reef models for Sparus macrocephlus,the behavior and distribution of S.macrocephlus was observed through experiments in laboratory.The results showed that the distribution of S.macrocephlus scattered randomly when the artificial reef models did not exist,and all the artificial reef models showed attractive effects on S.macrocephlus when they were put in the test region.The M1 artificial reef models,which had the maximal effective space and screening effects among three artificial reef models,showed the best attraction to S.macrocephlus.In addition,the attractive effects of M2 and M3 on S.macrocephlus were decreased due to their smaller effective space and screening effects.However,numerical analysis results showed no significant difference among three artificial reef models(P>0.05).The results suggested that the attractive effects of three artificial reef models for S.macrocephlus were determined by both different structures of artificial reef models and habits of S.macrocephlus.This thesis may offer some scientific information for the development of artificial reefs in the future.

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 黑棘鲷 诱集效果 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]