不同风速下风力机叶片的振动特性研究  

Study on vibration characteristics of wind turbines under different wind speeds

作　　者：武浩 来永斌[1] 王龙[1] 李亮 WU Hao;LAI Yongbin;WANG Long;LI Liang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;School of Mechanics and Optoelectronics Physics,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学机械工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学力学与光电物理学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2018年第5期401-408,共8页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705002);安徽省自然科学基金(1708085QE123;1708085QA17);安徽理工大学引进人才科研启动基金(ZY041)

摘　　要：针对风力机叶片在正常工况下运行时受到周期性的气动力导致叶片发生振动,降低叶片使用寿命的情况,研究了风力机叶片在不同风速下的振动特性。选取不同风速条件下的5种工况(风速范围为15~40m/s),选用CFD方法对NREL PHASE VI叶片进行模拟计算,获取不同风速下的振型和振动位移曲线。结果表明:叶片的主要振型是挥舞和摆振,高阶叶片振型存在着弯曲和扭转组合的复杂变形;来流速度从15m/s增大到40m/s时,叶片吸力面的压力分布不均匀性不断提高,来流速度为40 m/s时最大压力差值约达到3 000Pa;来流速度为15 m/s时振幅最小为0.525 4mm,来流速度为40m/s时振幅最大,为3.628 2mm,约是最小振幅的6.9倍;5种工况的振动曲线均呈现衰减趋势,叶片趋于稳定振动;当来流风速越大时,由来流风所产生的气动力对叶片的作用力越大,叶片的振幅呈现增大的趋势。研究结果可为风力机设计提供参考。When the wind turbine blades are running under normal conditions,the blades will vibrate due to periodic aerodynamic forces,and the use time of blades will be reduced.In order to study the vibration characteristics of wind turbine blades,this paper selects 5 operating conditions(wind speed range from 15 m/s to 40 m/s)under different wind speed conditions.The CFD method is used to simulate the NREL PHASE VI blade,and the vibration and vibration displacement curves under different wind speeds are obtained.The results show that:1)the main vibration modes of the blade are waving and shimmy,and the high order blade vibration modes have complex deformation of bending and torsion.2)When the inlet velocity increases from 15 m/s to 40 m/s,the uneven distribution of pressure distribution on suction surface is increasing,and the maximum pressure difference is about 3 000 Pa when the inlet velocity is 40 m/s.3)when the flow velocity is 15 m/s,the minimum amplitude is 0.525 4 mm,and when the flow velocity is 40 m/s,the vibration reaches the maximum of 3.628 2 mm,which is about 6.9 times of the minimum amplitude.The vibration curves of the 5 operating conditions are all attenuated trend and the blades tend to stabilize vibration,and when the wind speed is larger,the aerodynamic force generated by the wind flow has a greater force on the blade,and the amplitude of the blade tends to increase.The results of this study can provide a reference for the design of wind turbines.

关 键 词：非线性振动力学 非线性振动系统 风力机叶片 计算流体力学 CFD 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]