楼梯位置对高校宿舍楼人员疏散安全性影响研究  

Research on the influence of staircase position on evacuation performance of university dormitory buildings

作　　者：袁江滢 程友鹏 叶丽芬 朱杰[1] YUAN Jiang-ying;CHENG You-peng;YE Li-fen;ZHU Jie(Engineering Institute,Sichuan Normal University,Sichuan Chengdu 610101,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学工学院,四川成都610101

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2018年第9期1195-1198,共4页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：选取某典型内廊式女生宿舍楼为研究实例,依据最不利原则设置4个典型火灾场景,利用PyroSim模拟火灾烟气运动过程,对烟气层高度、温度、能见度进行定量分析,得出各场景可用安全疏散时间;利用Pathfinder模拟火灾场景下人员疏散行动过程,得到必需安全疏散时间。结果表明,该宿舍楼各个楼梯承载人流量不均、个别楼梯拥堵瓶颈严重,人员疏散时间较长。调整一部楼梯位置优化人员疏散,着火层人员疏散时间缩短17.0 s,疏散安全性显著提高。A typical porch type female dormitory building was selected as an example,according to the most unfavorable principle,4 typical fire scenes were set up,PyroSim was used to simulate the process of fire smoke movement,and the height of smoke layer,temperature and visibility were analyzed quantitatively.On this basis,available safety egress time of each scene can be obtained.Using Pathfinder to simulate evacuation process in fire scenario,required safety egress time was obtained.The results showed that the flow rate of the staircase is uneven,the bottleneck of individual staircases is serious,and the evacuation time is longer.Finally,the position of a staircase was adjusted,the evacuation time of the fire layer was shortened by 17.0 s,and the evacuation safety was significantly improved.

关 键 词：宿舍楼 人员疏散 PyroSim PATHFINDER ASET RSET 安全性分析 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU241.3[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]