黄土高原草地次生演替过程中微生物群落对植物群落的响应  

Responses of Microbial Communities to Plant Communities during Secondary Succession of Grassland in Loness Plateau

作　　者：白丽 范席德 王洁莹 赵发珠 薛科社[1,2] BAI Li;FAN Xide;WANG Jieying;ZHAO Fazhu;XUE Keshe(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity/Northwest University,Xi’an 710127 China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学/陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,陕西西安710127 [2]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第10期1801-1808,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(青年项目)(41601578);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20170302)

摘　　要：采用时空替代法选取撂荒地(作为对照),自然演替20a、30 a和40a后的草地区域作为研究对象,分析黄土高原区植被恢复过程中植物群落与微生物群落特性的动态变化以及二者之间的相关性。结果表明:在草地次生演替过程中,植物覆盖度、丰富度、多样性、均匀度、生物量和生物量碳自演替初期至演替40 a分别增加了47.13%、41.20%、13.40%、10.34%、54.55%和11.85%,且均呈显著增加的趋势。随着植物群落的次生演替,细菌多样性整体呈现出显著增加的趋势,细菌相对丰度在1%以上的优势类群是放线菌(Actinobacteria)(34.8%)、变形菌(Proteobacteria)(26.0%)、酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)(15.0%)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)(7.5%)、芽单胞菌(Gemmatimonadetes)(8.7%)、硝化螺旋菌(Nitrospirae)(1.6%)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)(2.1%)、疣微菌(Verrucomicrobia)(1.1%)和浮霉菌(Planctomycetes)(1.0%);真菌多样性在各演替阶段均呈增长趋势,但不同演替年限间没有表现出显著性差异,真菌相对丰度在1%以上的优势类群是子囊菌(Ascomycota)(67.19%)、担子菌(Basidiomycota)(16.23%)和接合菌(Zygomycota)(10.43%)。此外,微生物多样性与植物群落特性呈显著正相关,放线菌、变形菌、酸杆菌、芽单胞菌、硝化螺旋菌、浮霉菌和担子菌均与植物群落特性呈显著相关。总之,在草地次生演替过程中,植物群落是影响微生物群落的重要因素之一,二者相互联系、相互影响,共同调控着陆地生态系统的功能。In order to explore the dynamic changes of plant traits and microbial community during the process of vegetation restoration and their correlation in Loess Plateau areas,three land types after being abandoned for 20,30,and 40 years were chosen and the farmland was considered as control in current study.The results showed that plant coverage,richness,diversity,evenness,biomass and biomass C greatly increased with the succession time.The greater increase in plant coverage,richness,diversity,evenness,biomass,and biomass C were observed in the 40 years by 47.13%,41.20%,13.40%,10.34%,54.55%and 11.85%,respectively.The bacterial diversity significantly increased with succession time,the bacterial dominant groups(relative abundance above 1%)were Actinobacteria(34.8%),Proteobacteria(26.0%),Acidobacteria(15.0%),Chloroflexi(7.5%),Gemmatimonadetes(8.7%),Nitrospirae(1.6%),Bacteroidetes(2.1%),Verrucomicrobia(1.1%)and Planctomycetes(1.0%).The fungal diversity showed an increasing trend with succession time,but no significant correlation was found.The fungal dominant groups(relative abundance above 1%)were Ascomycota(67.19%),Basidiomycota(16.23%)and Zygomycota(10.43%).In addition,there was a significant positive correlation between microbial diversity and plant traits during secondary succession of grassland.The relative abundances of Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Nitrospirae,Planctomycetes and Basidiomycota were all significantly correlated with plant traits.In conclusion,the plant community is one of the key factors affecting microbial community in the secondary succession of grassland.Plant and microbes interaction with each other,and jointly regulate the function of terrestrial ecosystems.

关 键 词：草地演替 植物群落 细菌群落 真菌群落 生态系统 

分 类 号：Q941[生物学—植物学] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]