无芒隐子草叶片解剖结构对荒漠草原不同退化梯度的响应  

The Response of Cleistogenes songorica Leaf Anatomical Structure to Desert Grassland Deterioration Gradient

作　　者：张文霞[1,2] 王春光 殷晓飞[3] 王海超[1] ZHANG Wenxia;WANG Chunguang;YIN Xiaofei;WANG Haichao(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Department of Electronic Information Engineering,Ordos Institute of Technology,Ordos 017000,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hohhot Vocational College,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]鄂尔多斯应用技术学院电子信息工程系,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [3]呼和浩特职业学院机电工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第10期1809-1817,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：教育部"云教融合科教创新"基金项目(2017A10019);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY070);内蒙古自治区博士研究生科研创新项目(B20151012902Z);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2014MS0615);鄂尔多斯应用技术学院一般项目(KYYB2017004)

摘　　要：以荒漠草原优势种无芒隐子草(Cleistogenessongorica)叶片解剖结构为研究对象,根据荒漠草原退化程度,在内蒙古鄂尔多斯鄂托克旗境内选择轻度退化区(LD)、中度退化区(MD)、重度退化区(HD)和对照(CK)4种试验区,对不同试验区无芒隐子草叶片解剖结构中的上表皮和下表皮细胞厚度、上角质层和下角质层厚度、中脉厚度、叶片厚度、叶片宽度、泡状细胞厚度、机械组织厚度、维管束直径、维管束鞘细胞厚度、花环细胞厚度等12个指标进行观测,应用方差分析和对应分析法,研究无芒隐子草对干旱生境的适应性,探讨其解剖结构参数与由干旱胁迫引起的荒漠草原退化梯度之间的相关性。结果表明,随着荒漠草原退化程度的加剧,叶片宽度(1 083.54～1 067.08μm)呈显著减少趋势(P<0.05),上表皮细胞厚度(5.43～6.69μm)、下表皮细胞厚度(6.04～7.32μm)、上角质层厚度(2.17～2.74μm)、下角质层厚度(1.79～2.42μm)、中脉厚度(114.52～165.36μm)、叶片厚度(87.90～106.44μm)、泡状细胞厚度(35.43～46.03μm)、机械组织厚度(21.60～39.39μm)、维管束直径(44.61～58.52μm)呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05),维管束鞘细胞厚度、花环细胞厚度在草原退化4种不同梯度中无显著差异。与草原退化相关性显著的解剖性状主要是叶片宽度、叶片厚度、中脉厚度、上表皮和下表皮细胞厚度、上角质层和下角质层厚度、泡状细胞厚度、机械组织厚度和维管束直径。在由干旱胁迫引起的荒漠草原不同退化程度下,无芒隐子草叶片形成了与生境相适应的解剖结构,部分结构指标与草原退化呈相关性显著。研究结果可为无芒隐子草的保护利用和荒漠草原退化程度的监测提供理论依据。This paper studied the leaf anatomical structure of Cleistogenes Songorica,a dominant plant in desert grassland,to explore its ecological adaptability to dry environment and the correlation between the parameters of its anatomical structure and the degradation gradient caused by drought.Cleistogenes songorica samples were taken from the desert grassland in Otog Banner,Inner Mongolia,China to set up four research groups:the comparison(CK),light degraded(LD),moderately degraded(MD)and heavily degraded(HD).Cleistogenes songorica leaf’s anatomical structure of each degradation degree was observed and compared with variance analysis and correspondence analysis.12 indicators were involved in the research,which were thickness of upper epidermis,thickness of lower epidermis,cuticle thickness of upper epidermis,cuticle thickness of lower epidermis,thickness of leaf,thickness of main vein,thickness of bulliform cell,thickness of mechanical tissue,thickness of vascular bundle,width of leaf,thickness of vascular bundle sheath cells and thickness of Kranz mesophyll cells.The results showed that with the degradation of the grassland,the width of the leaf(1 083.54~1 067.08μm)had a tendency of remarkable decrease(P<0.05),while the thickness of upper epidermis(5.43~6.69μm),thickness of lower epidermis(6.04~7.32μm),cuticle thickness of upper epidermis(2.17~2.74μm),cuticle thickness of lower epidermis(1.79~2.42μm),thickness of main vein(114.52~165.36μm),thickness of leaf(87.90~106.44μm),thickness of bulliform cell(35.43~46.03μm),thickness of mechanical tissue(21.60~39.39μm),thickness of vascular bundle(44.61~58.52μm)had a tendency of sharp increase(P<0.05),but the thickness of vascular bundle sheath cells and thickness of Kranz mesophyll cells had no remarkable difference.10 indicators studied had remarkable difference with the degradation of the grassland,which were width of leaf,thickness of leaf,thickness of main vein,thickness of upper epidermis,thickness of lower epidermis,cuticle thickness of upper epidermis,cutic

关 键 词：无芒隐子草 荒漠草原 叶片 退化梯度 解剖结构 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]