冀北山地3种森林植被恢复类型对土壤质量的影响  

Effects of Three Forest Vegetation Restoration Types on Soil Quality in Northern Hebei Mountain Area

作　　者：任启文[1,2] 毕君 李联地[1,2] 王超 尤海舟 REN Qiwen;BI Jun;LI Liandi;WANG Chao;YOU Haizhou(Hebei Academy of Forestry Science,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;Hebei Xiaowutai Forestry Ecosystem Research Station,Zhuolu 075600,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省林业科学研究院,河北石家庄050061 [2]河北小五台山森林生态系统定位研究站,河北涿鹿075600

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第10期1818-1824,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(18226815D);河北省林业科学技术研究项目(1801500);河北省林业科学技术研究项目(1701484)

摘　　要：森林植被恢复对土壤质量的改善是森林可持续经营的重要条件。为研究冀北不同森林植被恢复类型对土壤质量的影响差异,以小五台山自然保护区46年生华北落叶松(Larixprincipis-rupprechtii)、白桦(Betulaplatyphylla)、华北落叶松-白桦混交林为研究对象,分层测定了3种植被类型的土壤物理性状、持水能力和养分特征,采用土壤质量指数评价法对3种植被恢复类型土壤质量进行了综合评价。结果表明,(1)华北落叶松-白桦混交林对中下层(20～60 cm)土壤物理性状的改善作用较大,其浅层土壤(0～20cm)物理性质与华北落叶松和白桦纯林差异不明显。(2)华北落叶松-白桦混交林对土壤持水能力的改善作用较大,特别是对最大持水量和田间持水量的改善作用明显大于华北落叶松和白桦纯林;对20 cm以下土层毛管持水量和土壤含水量有明显的改善作用。(3)3种植被恢复类型中,土壤养分状况表现为华北落叶松-白桦混交林>华北落叶松林>白桦林。(4)土壤质量综合评价结果表明,不同植被恢复类型对土壤质量的改善作用表现为华北落叶松-白桦混交林>华北落叶松林>白桦林,改善作用最明显的是中下层土壤(20 cm以下)。综上,森林植被恢复对土壤质量的改善作用是由浅及深的过程,随着林龄增大,其对土壤质量的改善作用逐渐深入到土壤中下层。The improvement of forest vegetation restoration to soil quality is an important condition for the sustainable management of forest.In order to study the influence of different forest vegetation restoration types on soil quality in northern Hebei province,the soil of Larix principis-rupprechtii,Betula platyphylla and its mixed forest with 46-year forest age in Xiaowutai Mountain Nature Reserve were studied,and the soil physical properties,water holding capacity and nutrient content of three vegetation types were measured by stratification,the soil quality index evaluation method was used to evaluate soil quality of the three types of vegetation restoration.The results showed that:(1)The soil physical properties of the middle and lower layers(20~60 cm)was significantly improved in the mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla,while the difference of the shallow soil(0~20 cm)with the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla was not obvious.(2)The mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla had greater effect on improving soil water holding capacity,and the improvement of maximum water holding capacity and field water capacity was obviously greater than that of the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla.The soil layer of that with significant improvement in capillary water holding capacity and soil water content was below 20 cm.(3)Among the three vegetation restoration types,the soil nutrient status was mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla>Larix principis-rupprechtii>Betula platyphylla.(4)According to the comprehensive evaluation of soil quality,the effect of soil quality improvement was mixed forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla>Larix principis-rupprechtii>Betula platyphylla,and the most obvious effect on improving soil quality was the middle and lower soil(below 20 cm).Summing up,the improvement of soil quality by forest vegetation restoration is a process from s

关 键 词：华北落叶松 白桦 混交林 植被恢复 土壤质量 综合评价 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]