滇中亚高山典型森林生态系统碳储量及其分配特征  

Carbon Storage and Distribution in Typical Forest Ecosystems in Subalpine of Middle Yunnan Province

作　　者：侯芳 王克勤 宋娅丽 李加文 艾祖雄 陈向龙 HOU Fang;WANG Keqin;SONG Yali;LI Jiawen;AI Zuxiong;CHEN Xianglong(College of Ecology and Soil&Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;National Station for Forest Ecosystem in Yuxi,Xinping,Yunnan Province 653499,China;Forestry Bureau of Yi and Dai Nationality Autonomous County in Xinping,Xinping 653499,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与水土保持学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南新平653499 [3]云南省新平彝族傣族自治县林业局,云南新平653499

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第10期1825-1835,共11页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究青年项目(2016FD044);西南林业大学科研启动基金项目(111443);云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目(050005113111);国家林业局生态学重点学科项目

摘　　要：同一区域不同植被类型的生长习性、土壤类型、林分立地状况等的差异,可能导致生态系统碳储量的变化。采用标准地调查和生物量实测相结合的方法,对云南省新平县磨盘山国家森林公园5种典型森林类型——华山松(Pinusarmandii)林、云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)林、滇油杉(Keteleeria evelyniana)林、高山栎(Quercus aquifolioides)林和常绿阔叶林各器官(叶、枝、干、皮和根)碳含量、生物量、碳储量及分配特征进行了比较研究,探讨该区域典型森林生态系统碳储量及其分配格局,揭示滇中亚地区各林分植被层的碳源-汇变化和土壤各层碳动态规律。结果表明,(1)5种林分类型各器官碳含量在45.60%～57.60%之间波动,乔木层、灌木层、草本层和凋落物生物量分别占植被层的56.46%～92.28%、1.12%～13.15%、0.003%～2.19%和6.21%～30.26%。各林分类型植被层碳储量大小表现为:华山松>常绿阔叶林>云南松>滇油杉>高山栎。(2)5种林分的土壤碳储量随着土层深度的增加而显著降低,主要集中在0～30 cm表土层,占总碳储量的52.6%～79.8%;0～60 cm土壤碳储量大小顺序表现为:滇油杉>常绿阔叶林>华山松>高山栎>云南松。(3)5种林分的生态系统碳储量表现为:常绿阔叶林>华山松>滇油杉>云南松>高山栎,其中乔木层和土壤层之和占总碳储量的95.1%～99.2%,林下植被层占比较低。华山松、滇油杉和常绿阔叶林生态系统具有较高的碳储量,云南松林和高山栎林植被碳储潜力较大,应通过制定出切实可行的森林管理措施,提高林分质量、增加林分碳密度,发挥其更大碳汇功能。The differences of growth habit,soil types and ground conditions of different vegetation types in the same region may lead to the changes of carbon storages of the ecosystem.The purpose of this study was to reveal the carbon source/sink change in vegetation layer and carbon dynamics in soil layer in middle Yunnan Province.We studied carbon distribution pattern of ecosystem and its influencing factors by standard plot sampling combined with biomass measurements.Carbon content,biomass and carbon storage of five different forest types,including tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer,litter and soil,and their distribution of Pinus armandii(HSS),Pinus yunnanensis(YNS),Keteleeria evelyniana(DYS),Quercus aquifolioides(GSL)and Evergreen broad-leaf(CL)ecosystems in subalpine of middle Yunnan Province were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)The carbon content of vegetations in five different forest types were ranged from 45.60%to 57.60%.Tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer and litter accounted for 56.46%~92.28%,1.12%~13.15%,003%~2.19%and 6.21%~30.26%of the total vegetation carbon storage,respectively.The carbon storage of the vegetation layer was ranked as HSS>CL>YNS>DYS>GSL;(2)Soil carbon storage of five different forest types decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth,which was mainly stored in the surface layer of 0~30 cm,accounting for 52.6%~79.8%.The total soil carbon storage in the layer of 0~60 cm presented in the order of DYS>CL>HSS>GSL>YNS.And(3)the carbon storage of five different forest ecosystems was ranked as CL>HSS>DYS>YNS>GSL.The sum of tree and soil layer accounted for 95.1%~99.2%of the total ecosystem carbon storage,and the proportion of understory layer was lower.Carbon storage in HSS,DYS and CL ecosystems were higher than others.Carbon sequestration ability of vegetations in YNS and GSL ecosystems were stronger than others.We should formulate feasible forest management measures to improve forest quality and increase forest stand density,and make them play better carbon function in response to clima

关 键 词：碳储量 分配 森林生态系统 滇中亚高山 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]