个案研究的代表性类型评析  

Representativeness Study of Case Study: Categorical Review and Replying Way-out

作　　者：曾东霞 董海军[2,3] Dongxia Zeng;Haiun Dong

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学法学与公共管理学院 [2]中南大学公共管理学院 [3]湖南省妇女儿童健康与发展研究中心

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2018年第5期158-170,190,共14页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科规划基金项目(13CSH042);国家社科基金重大招标项目(15ZDA044);湖南省妇联重大课题项目(18ZDA01)

摘　　要：个案研究是一种重要的常用的研究方法,关于其代表性的研究讨论形成了无涉论、分类论和超越论三种主要观点。在明晰代表性具有样本代表性与一般化代表性两种意蕴的基础上指出,个案研究代表性讨论在一般化问题上才具有意义。代表性无涉论无法逃避一般化的诉求,分类论面临逻辑风险与小概率反证困境,超越论的理论衍射论追求过顶之力而情境超越论与一般化背向而行,因此既有讨论未能有效回应个案研究的代表性问题。应对个案研究代表性问题的挑战,需走出单次研究的定势思维,悦纳个案研究的维纳斯之缺陷,通过后续研究走出个案研究一般化代表性困境。The case study is an important and commonly used research method.The representativeness of a case study can achieve significance based on its generalizability in two senses:sample representativeness and generalization representativeness.A theoretical discussion of the representativeness of the case study can be divided into three main arguments:irrelevance,classification,and transcendence.Representativeness irrelevance theory is unable to bypass the demand for generalization.Classification theory is unable to escape the logical risk and small probability of disproof trap.The diffraction theory of transcendentalism pursues the force to overcome gravity by oneself and circumstance transcendentalism theory is in fact the opposite of generalization.In short,the existing research doesn't respond validly to the question about representative problem of case study.To meet the challenge of the representativeness problem of the case study,we should break out of the single-study mindset and accept the case studys generalization problem while conducting further research to better understand the generalization problem.

关 键 词：个案研究 代表性 类型评析 研究方法 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]