健康信念、自我效能感和社会支持对青少年余暇锻炼的影响  

Influence of health beliefs,self-efficacy and social support on leisure exercise for adolescents

作　　者：董宝林[1] 张欢[1] 朱乐青 程韵枫 DONG Bao-lin;ZHANG Huan;ZHU Le-qing;CHENG Yun-feng(Dept.of P.E.,Shanda University,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海杉达学院体育教研室,上海201209

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2018年第5期106-112,共7页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：2018年度上海市学校体育科研一般项目(HJTY-2018-C37);2018年度山东省高校科研计划项目(J18RA266);山东省社会科学规划研究项目(17CTYJ03)

摘　　要：采用修订体质健康信念量表、自我效能感量表、青少年社会支持量表和体育活动等级量表对1 402名13～18岁学生(男525人,女877人)进行调查,旨在探讨健康信念、自我效能感和社会支持对青少年余暇锻炼的综合影响,检验自我效能感的中介作用和社会支持的调节作用。结果表明:健康信念、自我效能感、社会支持对青少年践行余暇锻炼皆具积极影响。比较发现,自我效能感是影响青少年余暇锻炼坚持性和积极性的重要因素;在青少年健康信念与余暇锻炼的影响链条上,自我效能感具备了部分中介效应,社会支持具备了调节效应。结论:给予足够的锻炼支持,提升体质健康信念和锻炼自我效能感,可能是促进青少年余暇锻炼的一个有效途径。To explore the comprehensive influence of health beliefs,self-efficacy and social support on leisure exercise for adolescent,further more,to investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy,and the moderating effect of social support.Through using the revised Scale of Physical Fitness Health Belief,Social Support Scale of Adolescent,General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES),and the Physical Activity Rating Scale(PARS-3)this paper made an investigation on 1402 adolescents aged 13-18 years(male=525,female=877).Results indicated that the health beliefs,self-efficacy,and social support have positive impacts on practice of adolescent leisure exercise(P<0.01),moreover,through the comparison,the self-efficacy is the important variables that affect the persistence and enthusiasm of adolescents'leisure exercise.The self efficacy has partial mediating effect and the social support has moderating effect on the affecting chain of the health beliefs and adolescents'leisure exercise.Conclusions:Giving enough exercise support,and improving the physical health belief and exercise self-confidence continuously might be an effective way that promote the leisure exercise for adolescents.

关 键 词：青少年 健康信念 自我效能感 余暇锻炼 社会支持 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]