水下自主航行器微光照相机驱动系统设计  

Design of driving system for AUV low-light level camera

作　　者：吴厚德[1] 侯昱辰 许文海[1] 赵明[1] WU Hou-de;HOU Yu-chen;XU Wen-hai;ZHAO Ming(Information Science and Technology College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学信息科学技术学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2018年第10期2605-2613,共9页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(No.2014BAB12B04);辽宁省科学技术计划项目(No.2015020045);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(No.3132015163);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61501077)

摘　　要：提出了基于水下自主航行器的EMCCD微光照相机驱动系统设计方法。首先,分析了EMCCD输出噪声的组成,根据暗电流噪声和时钟感生噪声的关系,给出了常规功率驱动的器件选型原则和设计方法;讨论了使用图腾柱电路实现电子倍增驱动的功耗问题,并给出了改进方案;使用高频系统时钟实现了驱动相位和脉宽的微调,解决了驱动时序波形幅度重叠率不足的问题;最后,给出了使用CCD201-20搭建的水下相机结构和实验结果。实验结果表明,系统产生的常规驱动信号频率为时钟频率10 MHz,串行转移时钟的幅度重叠率优于50%,并行转移时钟的幅度重叠率优于90%,驱动信号的相位调整精度为18°,脉宽调整精度为5 ns,驱动波形稳定、平整,电子倍增驱动信号高电平可调,功耗相较于优化前降低7.2%。本文所介绍的EMCCD驱动系统设计方法充分兼顾了驱动系统的噪声、体积和功耗问题,可以广泛应用在水下微光成像乃至常规CCD领域。A design method for a low-light level camera driving system based on an autonomous underwater vehicle was proposed.First,the noises of an electron multiplying charge-coupled device camera was analyzed,and the principle and method of designing conventional driving circuits was proposed taking into consideration the relationship between dark current noise and clock-induced charge noise.Next,the issue of power consumption in totem-pole circuits applied to electron multiplying drivers was discussed,and a power optimization plan was presented.A high-precision system clock was used for fine adjustments of the driving signal phase and pulse width and solving the problem of amplitude overlap rate insufficiency.Finally,the low-light level camera structure and experimental results were presented.The experiments indicate that the system-generated conventional driving signal frequency is 10 MHz.The serial transfer clock amplitude overlap rate and parallel transfer clock amplitude overlap rate are better than 50%and 90%,respectively.The phase adjustment accuracy of the driving signal and pulse width adjustment accuracy are 18°and 5 ns,respectively.The driving signal is stable and smooth,the electron multiplying driving signal is highly adjustable,and the power consumption is lowered by 7.2%.The parameters of noise,size,and power consumption were considered in this design.Thus,it can be widely used in underwater low-light level imaging as well as conventional charge-coupled devices.

关 键 词：电子倍增电荷耦合器件 低照度相机 CCD驱动 自主水下航行器 现场可编程门阵列 

分 类 号：TN386.5[电子电信—物理电子学] TN223