寰椎椎动脉沟的解剖学观测  

Anatomical observation and measurement of vertebral artery groove on atlas

作　　者：廖立青 李义凯[1] 赵德强[2] 谭汉旭 Liao Liqing;Li Yikai;Zhao Deqiang;Tan Hanxu(Department of Orthopedics,Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Huiqiao Medical Center,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学中医药学院骨伤科教研室,广州510515 [2]南方医科大学南方医院惠侨医疗中心,广州510515 [3]南方医科大学中医药学院,广州510515

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2018年第5期567-570,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的:研究寰椎椎动脉沟的形态结构,为寰椎相关疾患的诊治提供解剖学依据。方法:在成年干燥寰椎标本上,对椎动脉沟和椎动脉沟后结节进行分类,并对椎动脉沟、椎弓根进行相关解剖学测量。结果:椎动脉沟分型,浅沟型占70%,深沟型占12.92%,半环型占13.75%和全环型占3.33%。椎动脉沟后结节分型,突起型占27.59%、平坦型占16.81%和隆起型占55.60%。椎动脉沟宽度和高度分别为(8.50±1.39)mm、(7.44±1.18)mm。寰椎椎弓根厚度(4.14±0.96)mm;椎弓根最小宽度3.33mm。在所有标本中,仅有6侧骨桥尖锐利。结论:椎动脉沟均能容纳大于4mm的椎动脉,骨桥尖并不都锐利。因此,诊断沟环症不能仅凭沟环的存在与否。Objective:To provide morphological basis for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases on the atlas.Methods:The morphology of vertebral artery groove and its posterior tubercle in intact dry atlas of 120 Chinese adults was investigated and classified.The significant clinical data were observed and measured in the vertebral artery groove and pedicle.Results:The vertebral artery grooves were classified into 4 types:shallow groove type(70%),deep groove type(12.92%),incomplete bony ring type(13.75%)and complete bony ring type(3.33%).The vertebral artery groove posterior tubercles were classified into 3 types:hump shape(27.59%),smooth shape(16.81%)and buterositas shape(55.60%).The width and height of vertebral artery groove were(8.50±1.39)mm and(7.44±1.18)mm.The height of atlas pedicle was(4.14±0.96)mm.The minimum width of atlas pedicle was 3.33 mm.There were only 6 sides of sharp ponticleses in all specimens.Conclusion:All vertebral artery grooves are bigger than vertebral arteries.Not all of the ponticleses are sharp.Therefore,the anatomical characteristic of the bony ring can not be the only indicator for diagnosis and treatment of groove-atlas syndrome.

关 键 词：寰椎 椎动脉沟 解剖学 

分 类 号：R322.7[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]