读《刺客列传》  

Read Assassin's Biography

作　　者：朱晓海[1] ZHU Xiaohai(Department of Chinese Literature,National Tsing Hua University,Hsinchu 30013,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾新竹清华大学中国文学系,台湾新竹30013

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期124-131,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：以豫让、聂政为焦点,探究司马迁借由叙事所欲透露这些人的"意""志"及其自己的观点。开列《刺客列传》,从政治史的角度,司马迁观察到古今政情变动的一项因素。从社会史的角度,司马迁敏锐地留心到社会中存在着一个难以预估其影响力大小的次团体,然而真正让人对之敛衽伏地的乃是他指出了人间世一项普遍的实情。这不是司马迁借廉颇某一门客所说的世态炎凉,而是直指人性的基本结构:人渴望被肯定。并且,司马迁残酷地揭露出这种渴望导致人自身最大的软肋之一会被人充分利用。对于重情义者,这更是致命的切口。Focusing on Yu Rang and Nie Zheng,this article explores the“meaning”and“aspiration”of these people presented by Sima Qian through his narration.With the help of Assassin’s Biography,from the perspective of political history,Sima Qian had observed a factor in the change of political situation in ancient and modern times.From the perspective of social history,Sima Qian had observed that there was a subgroup in society whose influence was difficult to predict.However,what really admires Sima Qian is that he had pointed out a common truth in the world.This is not what Sima Qian said by a certain follower of Lianpo,but the basic structure of human nature:human desire to be affirmed.Moreover,Sima Qian had ruthlessly exposed that this desire would led to one of the greatest weaknesses of human beings being fully exploited.This was even more fatal to people who were emotionally attached.

关 键 词：史记 司马迁 刺客列传 

分 类 号：K204.2[历史地理—历史学]