道路用聚氨酯固-固相变材料的合成及性能研究  

Synthesis and Properties of Polyurethane Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials for Highway

作　　者：马骉[1] 段诗雨 魏堃[1] 李瑞[1] MA Biao;DUAN Shi-yu;WEI Kun;LI Rui(Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点试验室,西安710064

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2018年第10期3232-3238,共7页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51608044);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAG05B04)

摘　　要：为改善传统路用固-液相变材料对沥青路面的影响,发挥相变材料优越的潜热储能特性,主动调控沥青路面温度状况,减轻公路沥青路面温度病害。以多元醇A为软段,异氰酸酯B及扩链剂C为硬段,采用预聚体法合成65%～90%软段含量不等的聚氨酯固-固相变储能材料(PUPCMs)。借助红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TG)及差示扫描量热仪(DSC),分析研究PUPCMs的结构特征、热稳定性及储热特性。针对道路沥青路面环境温度特点,对比PUPCMs的储热能力,推荐适用于公路沥青路面的PUPCMs。结果表明,PUPCMs由于其特殊的嵌段结构,硬段对软段起到束缚作用,材料在相变过程中由宏观固态转变为无定形固态,解决传统固-液相变材料泄露问题的同时发挥潜热作用,具有良好的热稳定性及储热能力;在模拟道路沥青路面最不利条件时发现PUPCMs的结构特性、热稳定性及储热性能均满足道路用相变材料的使用要求。同时,通过改变软段分子量与含量可以得到不同相变潜热、相变温度及热稳定性的材料。考虑到沥青混合料的实际应用状况,根据材料的相变焓值与相变温度区间,推荐选用6000-70%-PUPCMs掺入沥青中制备相变沥青,作为后续主要研究对象。In order to improve the effect of traditional solid-liquid phase change material on asphalt pavement,and develop the superior latent heat characteristics of the phase change materials,it is necessary to adjust and control actively the temperature of asphalt pavement,and reduce temperature diseases of highway asphalt pavement.Taking polyol A as the soft segments,and Isocyanate B and chain extender C as hard segments,Polyurethane solid-solid phase change material is synthesized with 65%-90%content of soft segment by using the pre-polymers.The structural characteristics,thermal stability and heat storage properties of the PUPCMs are analyzed by the FTIR,TG and DSC,according to the characteristics of road asphalt pavement environment temperature,and compared the heat storage capacity of PUPCMs,the PUPCMs is recommended to apply to the highway asphalt pavement in the paper.Results show that the PUPCMs could not only solve the leakage problem of the traditional solid-liquid phase change material but also develop the latent heat with having excellent thermal stability and thermal storage capacity due to its special block structure,the hard segment to bind soft segment,the macroscopic solid to turn into the amorphous solid in the phase change process of materials.Meanwhile the structural characteristics,thermal stability and heat storage properties of PUPCMs are found to be able to meet the requirements of the use of phase-change materials in simulating the road asphalt pavement under the most unfavorable conditions.Furthermore,the material of latent heat,phase change temperature and thermal stability can be obtained by changing the molecular weight and content of soft segment.In view of the practical application of asphalt mixture,according to the range of phase change enthalpy and phase change temperature,it is recommended that 6000-70%-PUPCMs are used to prepare phase-change asphalt as further main research object.

关 键 词：道路工程 聚氨酯固-固相变材料 试验研究 机理分析 相变调温 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]