复合极端嗜热菌高温处理病死猪的氨基酸降解效果分析  

Effect of Extremely Thermophilic Bacteria on Amino Acid Degradation of High-temperature Treated Dead Pigs

作　　者：缪伏荣[1] 李兆龙[1] 董志岩[1] 刘景[1] MIAO Fu-rong;LI Zhao-long;DONG Zhi-yan;LIU Jing(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2018年第9期893-898,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目--省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2015R1023-5);福建省农业科学院科技服务团队项目(kjfw05)

摘　　要：为探明复合极端嗜热菌对高温病死猪处理中氨基酸降解效果,采集发酵处理前样品(Q组)及无菌处理组样品Wj组(无添加菌处理后再堆肥发酵60d)为对照,设置4个不同添加量的嗜热菌混合菌样品处理(0.05%、0.08%、0.10%、0.12%),分析样品的氨基酸种类和含量变化情况,运用Illumina MiSeq对样品微生物群落进行测序,将所得的16S基因测序数据与代谢功能已知的微生物参考基因组数据库相对比,预测细菌代谢功能。结果表明添加0.08%~0.12%复合嗜热菌组处理可明显促进高温处理中病死猪的氨基酸降解,显著降低病死猪样品的氨基酸总量和各氨基酸组分含量;和0.05%添加量处理组相比,氨基酸总量下降了7.04%~8.49%(P<0.05),天冬氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸等7种氨基酸的量显著降低;谷氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸等5种氨基酸的降解效果与堆肥60d处理Wj组没有显著差异。处理前和处理后病死猪菌群氨基酸代谢功能差异明显,添加嗜热菌混合菌组与无菌处理后堆肥Wj组的菌群氨基酸代谢功能接近,两者差异不明显。说明添加0.08%~0.12%复合极端嗜热菌促进了高温病死猪处理过程中氨基酸的代谢和降解,与长时间堆肥发酵处理的病死猪降解效果相似。Effect of addition of mixed extremely thermophilic bacteria on the degradation of amino acids in the high-temperature-treated pig carcass was studied.Samples applied in this study included materials of dead,diseased pigs prior to fermentation(Group Q)and after aseptic treatment(thermophile-free Group Wj that had been composted for 60 days)as controls,as well as those with additions of various ultra-thermophiles at 0.05%,0.08%,0.10%or 0.12%.Changes on the composition and content of amino acids of the samples after treatments were determined.The Illumina MiSeq method was used to analyze the microbial community on the samples.The 16S gene sequencing data obtained were compared to a reference genome database of known metabolic functions to predict those of the bacteria collected.The results showed that the addition of 0.08%-0.12%thermophiles significantly promoted the amino acid degradation that significantly reduced the total and individual amino acid contents.The reductions on total amino acid content were 7.04%-8.49%with an addition of the thermophiles more than 0.05%(P<0.05)as the asparagine,threonine,glycine,alanine,leucine,phenylalanine,lysine contents decreased significantly.On the other hand,the degradations on glutamic acid,valine,isoleucine,tyrosine and arginine did not differ significantly in Group Wj.The amino acid metabolic functions of the dead pigs before and after treatment were significantly different.Those of Group Q and the treatment groups were significantly different indicating the addition of 0.08%-0.12%the extremely thermophilic bacteria enhanced the metabolism and amino acid degradation in the high-temperature-treated pig carcass,and that the effect was similar to a 60 day compost fermentation.

关 键 词：复合极端嗜热菌 病死猪 氨基酸 16S测序 降解 

分 类 号：S851[农业科学—预防兽医学]