酶制剂和乳酸菌对秸秆微贮饲料质量及瘤胃降解率的影响  

Effect of Enzyme Preparation and Lactobacillus on the Quality and Rumen Degradation Rate of Corn Stalks Microbial Feeds

作　　者：曾辉[1] 邱玉朗[2] 李林[2] 陈群[2] ZENG Hui;QIU Yu-lang;LI Lin;CHEN Qun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Jilin Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Animal Science,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Gongzhuling 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,吉林长春136100 [2]吉林省农业科学院,吉林公主岭130118

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2018年第11期84-88,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅重大科技招标专项(20170203008NY);吉林省农业科技创新工程(CXGC2017ZD001);吉林省科技厅重点科技研发项目(20180201022NY);吉林省农业科学院创新工程研究生基金(C7208000206)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究酶制剂和乳酸菌对玉米秸秆微贮饲料感官指标评分、营养成分、发酵品质、有氧稳定性及72 h瘤胃降解率的影响。设置空白对照组、纤维素酶组、复合酶组、复合酶+乳酸菌组4组,每组3个重复。对照组添加5%的硫酸氨,纤维素酶组添加5 g纤维素酶和5%的硫酸氨,复合酶组分别添加0.15 g纤维素酶、0.15 gβ-葡聚糖酶、0.1 g木聚糖酶、0.1 g果胶酶、5%硫酸氨,乳酸菌+复合酶组分别添加0.5 g乳酸菌、5%硫酸氨和复合酶。玉米秸秆切短至2 cm,将各处理组微贮剂溶于蒸馏水,与原料混合均匀后,装入聚乙烯袋中,然后用真空包装机抽真空封口,室温贮藏30 d后开封取样,测定微贮秸秆发酵品质、营养成分和瘤胃降解率。结果表明:与对照组相比,复合酶+乳酸菌组效果最佳,pH、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、半纤维素含量和氨态氮/总氮分别显著降低0.72、12.92%、19.45%、13.79%、6.14%、22.32%(P<0.05),可溶性碳水化合物、乳酸、乙酸含量及有氧稳定性分别显著提高0.16%、18.36%、3.21%、36 h(P<0.05),对干物质、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,复合酶+乳酸菌组瘤胃降解率显著提高(P<0.05),干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃72 h降解率分别提高24.65、23.12、39.68、33.56。综上,混合添加酶制剂和乳酸菌微贮玉米秸秆能够降低秸秆的纤维含量,显著改善秸秆饲料的营养成分、品质、有氧稳定性和瘤胃降解率。The experiment was aimed to study the effects of enzyme preparation and lactic acid bacteria on sensory index,nutrient composition,fermentation quality,aerobic stability and 72 h rumen degradation rate to corn straw micro-silage.Set up 4 groups of control group:5%(NH4)2SO4,cellulase group:5g cellulase and 5%(NH4)2SO4,compound enzyme group:0.15 g cellulase,0.15 gβ-glucanase,0.1 g xylanase,0.1 g pectinase and 5%(NH4)2SO4,compound enzyme+lactobacillus group:5g lactobacillus,compound cellulase and 5%(NH4)2SO4.Cut corn stalk to 2 cm,the additives of each treatment group were dissolved in distilled water and mixed evenly with raw materials.Then they were put into polyethylene bags(20 cm×30 cm),each bag is about 330 g.After 30 days of fermentation at room temperature,the corn straw silage’s fermentation quality,nutrition composition and in situ ruminal degradability were analyzed using laboratory chemical methods and in situ technology.Results showed:Compared with the control group,the group of compound enzyme+lactobacillus has best effect.PH,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber,acidic detergent fiber,hemicellulose and ammonium nitrogen/total nitrogen content decreased by 0.72,12.92%,19.45%,13.79%,6.14%,22.32%(P<0.05).Water soluble carbohydrates,lactic acid,acetic acid and aerobic stability were increased by 0.16%,18.36%,3.21%,36 h(P<0.05),it has little effect on dry matter and crude protein(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the 72 h rumen degradation rate of compound enzyme+lactobacillus group significantly improved(P<0.05).The 72 h rumen degradation rate of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acidic detergent fiber increased by 24.65%,23.12%,39.68%,33.56%.Results showed that mixed enzyme preparation and lactobacillus to micro-storag corn straw can reduce the fiber content,significantly improve the nutrition composition,quality,aerobic stability and rumen degradation rate of straw feed,it has important significance on the development of animal husbandry.

关 键 词：酶制剂 乳酸菌 秸秆微贮饲料 质量 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S816[农业科学—畜牧兽医]